分散污水处理模式下新农村再生水定价模型研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 20:35

本文选题：分散污水处理模式 + 再生水　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国水资源十分匮乏，，随着西部大开发和城镇化建设推进，城镇居民人口激增，工业、生活用水量和排污量也不断增加，加剧了水资源短缺的矛盾。分散式污水资源化设施包括小型污水处理站等，具有极强的灵活性，价格低廉，便于技术更，形成的再生水更符合城镇化背景下新农村社区的需求。然而现阶段的再生水仍缺乏科学和实用的价格制定方法，无法有效调动再生水企业积极性和用户的需求量。因此，针对新农村社区市场特点，科学合理的建立再生水定价模型，成为促进再生水推广和保护水资源的关键所在。本文主要针对分散污水处理模式下新农村社区再生水定价模型的理论与方法进行了综合性研究。从再生水的定价现状问题出发，针对再生水特征和新农村社区市场特点，从需求和成本两个导向建立再生水定价模型，对各个模型的假设、步骤以及计算公式进行推导。并进行了深入的分析和比较。在需求导向中，建立了影子价格模型、纵向差异定价模型以及Hotelling定价模型。在成本导向的定价模型研究中，重点分析了平均成本定价模型、边际成本定价模型、边际机会成本定价模型。实例研究选用了陕西某新农村社区的污水处理站。分析了项目背景、污水来源和再生水的用途用量，分别运用了平均成本定价模型、边际机会成本定价模型和纵向差异定价模型进行实例计算和比较。在此基础上根据项目建立四个定价策略，并从对社会效益、企业效益和消费者效益角度进行比较，得出最优定价策略。最后从扩大需求和增进供给两个方面对政府部门提出定价和政策相关建议。
[Abstract]:Water resources are very scarce in China. With the development of western China and the development of urbanization, the population of urban residents is increasing rapidly, and the amount of industry, domestic water consumption and sewage discharge are also increasing, which exacerbates the contradiction of water resources shortage. The dispersive sewage resource facilities include small sewage treatment stations and so on. They have strong flexibility, low price, convenient technology, and the reclaimed water can meet the needs of the new rural communities under the background of urbanization. However, the reclaimed water is still lack of scientific and practical pricing method, which can not effectively mobilize the enthusiasm of reclaimed water enterprises and the demand of users. Therefore, according to the characteristics of the new rural community market, the scientific and reasonable establishment of renewable water pricing model has become the key to promote the promotion of renewable water and protect water resources. In this paper, the theory and method of new rural community reclaimed water pricing model under decentralized sewage treatment mode were studied. According to the characteristics of reclaimed water and the characteristics of new rural community market, the pricing model of reclaimed water is established from two directions of demand and cost, and the assumptions, steps and calculation formulas of each model are deduced. And carried on the thorough analysis and the comparison. In demand orientation, shadow price model, vertical differential pricing model and Hotelling pricing model are established. In the research of the cost oriented pricing model, the average cost pricing model and the marginal opportunity cost pricing model are analyzed. A case study selected a new rural community sewage treatment station in Shaanxi. The background of the project, the use of sewage source and reclaimed water are analyzed, and the average cost pricing model, marginal opportunity cost pricing model and vertical differential pricing model are used to calculate and compare them. On this basis, four pricing strategies are established according to the project, and the optimal pricing strategy is obtained by comparing the social benefit, enterprise benefit and consumer benefit. Finally, the paper puts forward pricing and policy suggestions to government departments from two aspects of expanding demand and increasing supply.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X703;X196

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