企业组织结构的马克思经济学分析及启示

发布时间：2018-05-12 01:39

本文选题：马克思主义经济学 + 企业　；参考：《河南大学》2001年硕士论文

【摘要】：党的十一届三中全会以后，我国宏观经济管理体制由计划转向由市场在资源配置中起基础性作用的社会主义市场经济体制，企业也逐步成为自主经营、自负盈亏、自我约束、自我发展的独立市场利益主体。因而研究企业组织结构显得非常重要。本文从马克思经济学角度出发，特别是运用马克思《资本论》的有关原理，通过对资本主义企业组织结构演变分析，探寻其发展的内在规律，为我国企业组织结构的发展提供一定的理论支持，并且探讨了它的变革方向，以期促进我国企业在日益激烈的竞争条件下能够发展、壮大。本文共分三部分：第一部分是关于企业和企业组织结构理论。这个问题是从以下方面进行论述的：1.是马克思的企业和企业组织结构理论。它包括马克思在《资本论》关于企业的产生和资本主义企业组织结构的演革理论。通过分析得出：企业是与商品生产和商品交换相联系的范畴；资本主义的企业则是在资本主义生产方式占统治地位的前提下，随着这种生产方式自身的发展而不断发展的。而企业组织结构就是在一定的技术和社会条件下，生产要素在企业内部和外部的组织形式。这种组织形式在马克思看来是不断变化的，像资本主义企业就经历了从简单协作、工场手工业、机器大工业和股份公司，以及协作、以分工为基础的协作和机器自然体系分工为基础的协作。推动生产组织形式变化的是不断发展的生产力。因此，生产组织形式是由生产力发展水平决定的，二者相适应就能促进生产力的巨大发展。 2.是分析了垄断企业的组织结构。3.是评价了19世纪末20世纪初的企业组织结构理论。第二部分是关于20世纪以来资本主义企业的内部组织结构的沿革及当代管理学家和经济学家对变革原因的探讨。它分为：1.是企业组织结构经历了从层级制、层级制的继承和突破及非层级制组织形式出现三个阶段。通过分析说明这种变化的内在推力是科学技术的发展。2.是介绍了西方对此变化探讨的四种理论，即总体生态理论、制度组织理论、结构权变理论、代理理论。这四种理论从不同角度对变革原因进行了分析，对我国企业组织结构的变化具有一定的理论借鉴意义。第三部分是关于社会主义市场经济体制下的我国企业组织结构。它包括：1. 社会主义性质的企业的理解和组织结构的演变。通过分析得出社会主义市场经济条件下的企业也是与商品生产和交换相联系的，因而必须遵循其内在规律。2.我且国企业组织结构的现状和问题。主要从宏观和微观层面分别对之进行了分析和探讨。3．是对我国企业组织结构调整的建议。我国企业组织结构必须从生产过程组织形式，即生产关系，，必须适应生产力这一规律出发，从宏观层面上是促进大、中小企业的协调发展，从微观层面上是使企业组织结构尽量与国际接轨，使其具有弹性化、网络化、分立化、柔性化的特征。结论是：企业是与商品生产和商品交换相联系的生产组织，而企业组织结构就是分工和协作形式。这种分工和协作方式，不论是从宏观层面或从微观层面，都是随着生产力的发展而不断发展的。我国企业也要根据这一规律对我国的企业组织结构进行调整。
[Abstract]:After the third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, China's macroeconomic management system shifted from planning to market based resources.
The socialist market economic system, which plays a fundamental role in the allocation, has gradually become an independent business and self conceit.
Profit and loss, self restriction and self development are the main interests of independent market.
This is from the point of view of Marx economics, especially the use of Marx's capital.
By analyzing the evolution of the organizational structure of capitalist enterprises, this paper explores the inherent law of its development, and it is a state-owned enterprise for us.
The development of the organizational structure provides some theoretical support and explores the direction of its reform in order to promote me.
Chinese enterprises can develop and grow under increasingly fierce competition. This article is divided into three parts:
The first part is about the theory of organizational structure of enterprises and enterprises. This issue is discussed from the following aspects.
The 1. is Marx's theory of organizational structure of enterprises and enterprises. It includes Marx in the capital theory.
The emergence of industry and the theory of the organizational structure of capitalist enterprises are analyzed.
The relationship between production and commodity exchange; capitalist enterprises are dominated by capitalist mode of production.
With the development of this mode of production, the organizational structure of enterprises is constantly developing.
Under certain technical and social conditions, the organization of production factors within and outside the enterprise.
Form is constantly changing in Marx's view. Like capitalist enterprises, they have experienced simple collaboration and workshops.
Industry, machinery industry and stock companies, and collaboration based on division of labor and machine natural system.
Cooperation based on division of labor. The change of production organization forms is the continuous development of productive forces.
The form of organization is determined by the level of development of productive forces, and the adaptation of the two can promote the huge development of productivity.
The 2. is to analyze the organizational structure of monopoly enterprises..3. is an evaluation of the organizational structure of enterprises in the late nineteenth Century and early twentieth Century.
Theory.
The second part is about the evolution and contemporary management of the internal organizational structure of capitalist enterprises since twentieth Century.
Scholars and economists discuss the causes of change. It can be divided into 1. parts: the organizational structure of enterprises has gone through the hierarchy.
There are three stages of succession and breakthrough in hierarchical system and non hierarchical organizational form.
The intrinsic thrust of change is the development of science and technology..2. introduces four theories of western change.
Namely, the general ecology theory, the system organization theory, the structural contingency theory and the agency theory. These four theories differ from each other.
This paper analyzes the causes of transformation, and has certain theoretical reference for the change of the organizational structure of Chinese enterprises.
Righteousness.
The third part is about the organizational structure of Chinese enterprises under the socialist market economy system. It includes: 1.
The understanding and organization structure evolution of socialist enterprises.
Enterprises are also related to commodity production and exchange, so we must follow their inherent laws,.2.
And
The present situation and problems of the organizational structure of Chinese enterprises are analyzed and explored respectively from the macro and micro levels.
Discussing.3. is a proposal for the adjustment of the organizational structure of Chinese enterprises. The organizational structure of Chinese enterprises must be from the production process group.
Weaving form, that is, production relations, must adapt to the law of productivity, and promote the development from the macro level.
From the micro level, the coordinated development of small and medium-sized enterprises is to make the organizational structure of the enterprises conform to the international standards as far as possible.
It has the characteristics of flexibility, networking, separation and flexibility.
The conclusion is that enterprises are production organizations linked to commodity production and commodity exchange, and the organizational structure of enterprises.
It is the division of labor and the form of cooperation. This division of labor and cooperation means, both at the macro level and from the micro level.
With the development of productive forces, China's enterprises should continue to develop their businesses according to this rule.
The structure of the organization is adjusted.

【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2001
【分类号】：F271;F0

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