社会主义经济民主及其微观管理制度安排

发布时间：2018-05-12 14:44

本文选题：经济民主 + 公有产权　；参考：《天津师范大学》2002年硕士论文

【摘要】： 随着世界民主化浪潮的日益高涨，经济民主的理论与实践越来越成为人们关注的焦点。我们该如何正确地认识资本主义经济民主取得的成就？中国的社会主义经济民主建设如何在新的形势下取得新的进展，并充分展示出社会主义的优越性？这些都是摆在我们面前重大而现实的问题。实事求是地说，经济民主的实践要远远超前于经济民主的理论。经济民主就其本义而言，应该内涵公有产权和市场经济两大基础。人们不仅在经济运行和具体经济活动中能够实现自己的主体地位，而且我们的政策也要促使社会成员在整个社会体系中经济地位和经济权利的平等化。显然，经济民主是微观与宏观的结合，也是理论探索与实践过程的结合。在这个过程中，经济民主将充分体现自由、平等和独立的精神。纵观经济民主的历史演进，我们不可否认，经济民主的实践是与人类文明史共同发展，而且是先于政治民主实践的。但是，在社会生产力比较低下，商品经济不发达的时候，经济民主只能是闪耀在民主长河中一颗不起眼的星星。在漫长的历史岁月，经济民主一直等待着绽放光芒的契机——科技革命。在科技革命的推动下，商品经济迅速发展，通过对物的依赖打破了封建式的人身依附，资产阶级把封建制度下的农奴变成雇佣工人，同时又把科学技术作为摧毁宗教神权、封建统治的重要武器；在科技革命的推动下，人们的劳动能力普遍提高，日渐平等；在科技革命的推动下，经济民主开始了真正的发展历程——资本主义经济民主。以公有制为基础的社会主义经济民主比资本主义经济民主更具优越性和合理性。然而，资本主义在经济民主实践上所取得的成就是令人瞩目的。虽然资本主义基本矛盾注定了它的失败，科技革命的发展也会加速它的消亡，社会主义的经济民主并不因此就会取得自身的制度创新。事实上，我们从未停止过对社会主义经济民主的改革和探索。从科学社会主义诞生之日起，经济民主就是其应有之意。中国共产党的伟大领导人毛泽东和邓小平，在马克思主义理论的指导下，继承并发展了马克思经济民主思想，，提出并实践了适合中国国情的经济民主思想，使广大劳动人民翻身得解放，获得了充分的经济自主权。为我国经济民主建设奠定了扎实的理论和实践基础。但是，由于传统文化、行政行为和计划经济等诸多因素的影响和制约，“经济民主”在改革开放初期并没有得到很好的贯彻和落实。随着公有产权制度和市场经济体制的逐步完善，社会主义经济民主实践日渐成熟。职工持股、工资集体协商、企业民主管理等微观管理制度安排在不同层面和领域给子了劳动者应有的经济民主权利。
[Abstract]:With the rising tide of democratization in the world, the theory and practice of economic democracy have become the focus of attention. How should we correctly understand the achievements of the capitalist economy democracy, how to make new progress under the new situation in the construction of socialist economic democracy in China and fully demonstrate the advantages of socialism. These are important and practical questions before us.
In fact, the practice of economic democracy is far ahead of the theory of economic democracy. Economic democracy, as far as its original meaning is concerned, should contain the two foundations of public property rights and market economy. People can not only achieve their own position in economic operation and specific economic activities, but also our policies should also promote the social members to be in the whole. The economic and economic rights are equal in the social system. Obviously, economic democracy is the combination of micro and macro, and it is also the combination of theoretical exploration and practice. In this process, economic democracy will fully reflect the spirit of freedom, equality and independence.
Throughout the historical evolution of economic democracy, we can not deny that the practice of economic democracy is developed together with the history of human civilization and is preceded by the practice of political democracy. However, when the social productivity is low and the commodity economy is underdeveloped, economic democracy can only be an insignificant star in the long river of democracy. In the past years, economic democracy has been waiting for the opportunity to shine.
Under the impetus of the revolution of science and technology, the commodity economy developed rapidly. Through the dependence on things, the feudal personal attachment was broken. The bourgeoisie turned the serfs under the feudal system into the hired workers. At the same time, science and technology were used as an important weapon to destroy religious theocracy and feudal rule. Under the impetus of the scientific and technological revolution, the labor ability of the people was universal. All over the world, equality is increasing. Under the impetus of the revolution of science and technology, economic democracy has begun a real development course -- capitalist economic democracy.
The socialist economic democracy based on the public ownership is more superior and reasonable than the capitalist economy democracy. However, the achievements of capitalism in the practice of economic democracy are remarkable. Although the basic contradiction of capitalism is doomed to its failure, the development of the scientific and technological revolution will accelerate its extinction and the socialist economy. Therefore, we have never ceased the reform and exploration of socialist economic democracy.
From the date of the birth of scientific socialism, economic democracy is its due. The great leaders of the Communist Party of China, Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping, have inherited and developed the economic and democratic thought of Marx under the guidance of Marx's theory, and put forward and practise the economic and democratic ideas suitable for the national conditions of China and make the masses of the working people turn over. Emancipation has gained full economic autonomy and laid a solid foundation for the construction of China's economic democracy.
The basis of the theory and practice.
However, due to the influence and restriction of traditional culture, administrative behavior and planned economy, etc.
"Democratic economy" has not been well implemented and implemented in the initial stage of reform and opening up.
With the gradual improvement of the market economy system, the practice of socialist economic democracy is becoming more mature.
The collective management system, such as collective consultation and democratic management of enterprises, has given workers to different levels and fields.
The right to economic democracy.

【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：F04

【参考文献】