“新经济”与中国投资产业结构调整研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 13:01

本文选题：新经济 + 中国　；参考：《西南财经大学》2002年博士论文

【摘要】：加快投资产业结构调整，，促进产业结构优化，实现经济增长方式由粗放型向集约型的根本转变，这是我国在新的世纪实现国民经济持续增长的基本途径。围绕投资产业结构调整，虽然专门的著作在国内并不多见，但国内经济学家及实际经济工作者，对与之相关的问题却做过许多卓越的、极具启发性的研究。本文认为，借鉴近十年以美国为代表的“新经济”发展的成功经验，对我国投资产业结构调整的战略及相关政策、措施的制定有重大意义。本文的基本目的在于借鉴以美国为代表的“新经济”的经验，探讨我国投资产业结构调整的对策。全文除导论外，共分为五章，约18万字：第一章：投资产业结构调整与经济增长。从某种意义上可以说，经济增长理论也是一种投资理论。传统经济增长理论主要是从微观、宏观两个角度，探讨资本、劳动、技术等要素在经济增长中的作用或贡献，技术进步因素虽然已被纳入分析视野，但只不过是一种“外生变量”，这种研究始于斯密，成熟于哈罗德、多马和索洛等人。投资过程中，强调知识、专业化、技术进步、人力资本等因素作用的新经济增长理论现在还未成熟。而这些理论的缺陷都在于忽视投资结构的作用。现代经济研究已证明，结构效应是决定经济增长的一个重要变量，它已成为促进现代经济增长的新的重大源泉。因此，本章将研究重点转向了投资结构调整与经济增长的内在联系。本文认为，经济增长过程中的结构转变都必须通过投资来实现，投资是实现产业结构转变的最重要的手段。因此，为促进经济较快增长，动态地看，就要对经济中某些产业部门分配投资，需要确定投资的主导产业。但如果不顾约束条件，单纯追求投资产业结构的高度化，则会早造成经济效率的损失。在对我国建国以来经济增长进行了实证分析后也证明了上述观点。实证分析的结果表明，我国经济增长粗放型特征明显，是一种典型的资本投入推动型经济增长，经济效益不高，造成的原因就在于投资产业结构的“虚高加工度化”，表现为改革开放前对重工业的过分倾斜投资和改革开放后对加工工业的过多投资。因此，本文认为，加快中国投资产业结构调整的步伐，实现经济增长方式的根本 WP=3 转变，将是我国经济实现可持续发展的明智的可行的选择。而在经济全球化背景下，迅速调整投资产业结构已成为当前一项十分紧迫而重要的任务。第二章：“新经济”及其对中国投资产业结构调整的启示。关于“新经济”的内涵，本章在通过总结“新经济”产生的背景、运行的基本特征后认为主要有四个方面：一是“新经济”在很长时期出现了高增长、低通胀、低失业，这是相对传统经济而言所不同的经济现象或状态。二是“新经济”以高科技、信息等为增长原动力，其经济增长方式是由新技术革命引起的内涵的集约型增长。三是“新经济”是基于全球化，发达国家不断向外输出资本及价值观念的经济。四是“新经济”的发展过程就是一个不断创新的过程，包括制度、政策、组织、结构与技术等的创新。而“新经济”发展的过程也是产业结构不断演进、高度化的过程，在这个过程中，投资产业结构的转变发挥了十分重要的作用。从全社会的投资产业结构来看，根据技术进步的轨迹，企业、政府、民间投资机构将大量资金投入到信息技术及其产业化中去，形成了以信息产业为主的投资结构。这样的投资产业结构促进了信息产业的快速发展，也带动其他相关产业的发展，包括金融、保险、其他服务业等，使第三产业比重上升。同时，在促进投资结构调整方面，政府采取了多种经济政策并实施了一系列改革，包括用技术政策引导投资方向，为经济增长服务；改善财政收支结构，对高新技术及其产业化实行投资倾斜，并努力降低财政赤字；放松管制，促进经济金融自由化改革，企业重组兼并不断涌现，为高新技术产业的发展创造了高效、灵活的融资和投资环境等。通过对“新经济”发展的概括性研究，本文认为，我国投资产业结构调整可从中得到四点启示：一是加大对技术进步特别是信息技术及其产业化的投资力度，促进产业结构的优化升级；二是在顺应产业结构演进一般规律的基础上，加快投资产业结构调整的速度；三是构建高效、灵活的经济金融体制是加快投资产业结构调整的基本前提；四是处理好增量资本与存量资本的关系，在投资产业结构调整方式与内容上，增量调整与存量调整同时并举。第三章："新经济"与中国投资产业结构调整的基本思路。“新经济”是与经济全球化相伴发展的，对我国产业发展既有机遇，也有挑战。本文认为，我国不必惊慌、不必畏惧，要根据比较优势原则沉着应对，一方面继续抓住发达国家产业转移的机会，大力发展对我国来说，还是“新产业”的劳动密集型和资本密集 WP=4 型产业；另一方面，又要利用跨国公司全球生产、科研的一体化，紧随世界技术进步的最新趋势，发展新兴的高科技产业。投资产业结构调整要以战略性调整为主，适应性调整为辅，以适应性调整促进产业结构协调化，而以战略性调整促进产业结构的高度化。如何确定投资产业结构的调整战略，本章在分析判断了中国经济发展所处阶段后认为，鉴于我国当前正处于结构转换的关键时期，在投资结构安排上必须要有先导性，加
[Abstract]:To speed up the adjustment of the investment industry structure, promote the optimization of the industrial structure and realize the fundamental transformation of the mode of economic growth from the extensive to the intensive, this is the basic way for our country to realize the sustained growth of the national economy in the new century. In this paper, it is of great significance to draw lessons from the successful experience of the development of the "new economy", which is represented by the United States for the past ten years. The basic purpose of this article is to draw on the basic purpose of this article. Based on the experience of the "new economy" represented by the United States, this paper discusses the Countermeasures for the adjustment of China's investment industrial structure.
In addition to the introduction, the full text is divided into five chapters, about 18 thousand words:
The first chapter: the structure adjustment and economic growth of investment industry. In a sense, the theory of economic growth is also a kind of investment theory. The theory of traditional economic growth is mainly from the two angles of microcosmic and macroscopic, to explore the use or contribution of capital, labor, technology and other factors in economic growth. Although the factors of technological progress have been included in the analysis, the factors of technological progress have been analyzed. View, but only a kind of "exogenous variable", this research began in Smith, mature in Harold, Thomas and solo. In the process of investment, the new economic growth theory, which emphasizes the factors of knowledge, specialization, technological progress, human capital and so on, is still immature. The defects of these theories are to ignore the role of investment structure.
The modern economic research has proved that the structural effect is an important variable that determines the economic growth. It has become a new important source to promote the growth of modern economy. Therefore, this chapter turns the research focus to the internal relationship between the adjustment of investment structure and economic growth. This paper holds that the structural changes in the process of economic growth must be invested through investment. In order to realize it, investment is the most important means to realize the transformation of the industrial structure. Therefore, in order to promote the rapid economic growth, it is necessary to allocate investment to some industrial sectors in the economy and to determine the leading industry of investment. Loss.
The results of the economic growth of China since the founding of the people's Republic of China have also proved the above views. The results of the empirical analysis show that the extensive economic growth characteristics of our country are obvious, which is a typical capital input driven economic growth, and the economic benefit is not high. The cause is in the "high processing degree" of the investment industry structure. It is the excessive investment of heavy industry before the reform and opening up and the excessive investment in the processing industry after the reform and opening up. Therefore, this paper believes that the fundamental way to speed up the adjustment of China's investment industry structure and realize the mode of economic growth is fundamental.
WP=3
The transition will be a sensible and feasible choice for our economy to achieve sustainable development. In the context of economic globalization, it has become a very urgent and important task to adjust the investment industry structure quickly.
The second chapter: "new economy" and Its Enlightenment to the adjustment of China's investment industry structure. On the connotation of "new economy", this chapter thinks that there are four main aspects after summarizing the background of "new economy" and the basic characteristics of operation: first, the "new economy" has appeared high growth, low inflation and low unemployment in a long period of time. The economic phenomenon or state of the traditional economy is different. Two is the "new economy" with high technology and information as the growth motive force, its economic growth mode is intensive growth caused by the new technological revolution. Three is the "new economy" is based on globalization, the developed countries will not break out of the capital and value concept of the economy. Four The process of the development of "new economy" is a continuous innovation process, including the innovation of system, policy, organization, structure and technology. The process of "new economy" is also the process of the continuous evolution and height of the industrial structure. In this process, the transformation of the investment industry structure has played a very important role. In view of the investment industry structure, according to the track of technological progress, enterprises, government and private investment institutions have invested a large amount of funds into information technology and its industrialization, forming an investment structure based on information industry. This investment industry structure has promoted the rapid development of the information industry, and also led to the development of other related industries, including gold. At the same time, the government has adopted a variety of economic policies and carried out a series of reforms in the adjustment of the investment structure, including the guidance of investment by technical policies, service for economic growth, the improvement of the fiscal revenue collection structure, and the investment tilt of high technology and its industrialization. And try to reduce the financial deficit, deregulation, promote the reform of economic and financial liberalization, the enterprise reorganization and merger continue to emerge, create a high efficiency, flexible financing and investment environment for the development of high-tech industry. Through a general study of the development of the "new economy", this paper holds that the adjustment of the investment industry structure of our country can get four from it. The first is to increase the investment in the technological progress, especially the information technology and its industrialization, and to promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure. Two, on the basis of the general rule of the industrial structure evolution, the speed of the adjustment of the investment industry structure is accelerated; and the three is to build the efficient and flexible economic and financial system to accelerate the investment industry. The basic premise of structure adjustment; four is to deal with the relationship between the incremental capital and the stock capital. In the mode and content of the adjustment of the investment industry structure, the increment adjustment and the stock adjustment are simultaneously carried out.
The third chapter: "the new economy" and the basic thinking of the restructuring of China's investment industry. "New economy" is accompanied by economic globalization. It has both opportunities and challenges for the development of China's industry. In this paper, we do not have to panic, do not have to be afraid, we should respond to the comparative advantage, and continue to seize the industrial transformation of the developed countries on the one hand. The opportunity to shift and develop vigorously is still labor intensive and capital intensive for our country, or "new industry".
WP=4
On the other hand, we should make use of the global production, the integration of scientific research and the latest trend of the technological progress of the world, and develop new high-tech industries. The adjustment of investment industry structure should be based on strategic adjustment, the adjustment of adaptability is supplemented, the adjustment of adaptability is promoted to promote the coordination of industrial structure, and the strategic adjustment is promoted. This chapter, after analyzing and judging the stage of China's economic development, thinks that, in view of the key period of China's current structural transformation, the investment structure must be guided and added.

【学位授予单位】：西南财经大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：F015

【共引文献】