劳动及劳动价值理论研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 19:22

本文选题：劳动 + 价值　；参考：《西北工业大学》2003年硕士论文

【摘要】： 任何理论都是在一定的历史条件下、一定的社会实践过程中、在人们当时认识水平的基础上产生、发展的，劳动价值理论就是在人类进入商品经济社会后形成的。科学的劳动价值理论形成一百多年来，古今中外学者对劳动价值理论的争论从未停止过，其争论的核心问题就是价值是什么?什么劳动?劳动在什么条件下形成价值?当前对劳动价值理论的研究，不仅具有其理论意义，而且有较强的现实性，社会主义市场经济的实践，需要劳动价值论提供理论依据。本文首先论述了劳动价值理论的产生、形成、发展的过程，阐明了科学的劳动价值理论的规定性，即劳动价值理论是商品生产交换关系的一般理论概括。为本文研究价值源泉提供了理论基础与平台。通过对劳动、财富、价值基本范畴的分析，通过对劳动及劳动创造价值命题的分析。本文认为劳动是人类为获取自身所需要的物质资料，而支出或耗费的脑力、体力或思想；人类劳动的结果就是劳动产品，对人类社会有用的劳动产品，称之为财富即社会财富或国民财富；财富是由人的劳动与自然资源共同创造的；财富在不同的社会形态中存在的表现形式不同，在商品经济或市场经济社会中，财富就表现为商品，商品则代表了商品经济社会中的财富。在商品经济社会里，人类生产财富即商品的社会劳动就表现为价值，价值是凝结在商品中抽象的人类劳动，体现的是商品生产劳动者之间的人与人的社会经济关系。劳动价值理论是对商品生产交换关系的正确反映。通过对在财富的生产过程中科学技术的作用、劳动领域的扩展、生产财富的劳动过程复杂程度，以及经济全球化影响的分析；通过对资本主义和社会主义生产关系出现重大调整和变化对财富生产的影响的分析。本文认为随着社会生产力的不断发展，人类需求的不断发展，，导致人类获取满足自身需要产品的劳动领域不断扩大：从物质领域向非物质领域扩展；从第一、二产业向第三产业扩展；从体力劳动向脑力劳动为主的管理劳动发展。与此同时，人类生产财富的劳动日益知识化、智能化、社会化、复杂化。总之，不论是生产财富劳动领域的扩展，还是生产财富劳动的复杂程度不断提高，这一切并没有改变劳动的性质，构成价值实体的劳动，及价值的源泉没有变。本文认为社会实践活动的发展必然引起反映社会实践的理论的发展与创新。上述生产财富劳动领域的扩展、劳动复杂程度的提高，一方面反映了人类生产财富的社会经济实践的变化，体现了经济实践活动的时代性、多样性的特征；另一方面反映了人们对劳动价值理论认识的不断加深，即对劳动价值理论的创新与发展，同时也反映了劳动价值理论内容的丰富性。
[Abstract]:Any theory is under certain historical conditions, certain social practice process, in the people at that time the understanding level foundation produces, develops, the labor value theory is after the mankind enters the commodity economy society to form. Since the formation of the scientific theory of labor value more than one hundred years ago, scholars at home and abroad have never stopped arguing about the theory of labor value. What is the core issue of the argument? What labor? Under what conditions does labor form value? The current research on labor value theory not only has its theoretical significance, but also has a strong reality. The practice of socialist market economy needs the theory of labor value to provide theoretical basis. This paper first discusses the process of the birth, formation and development of the labor value theory, and clarifies the stipulation of the scientific labor value theory, that is, the labor value theory is the general theoretical summary of the commodity production exchange relationship. This paper provides a theoretical basis and platform for the study of the source of value. By analyzing the basic categories of labor, wealth and value, and the proposition of creating value by labor and labor. This article holds that labor is the mental, physical, or mental power that man spends or consumes in order to obtain the material information he needs, and the result of human labor is the product of labor, which is useful to human society. Wealth is called wealth, that is, social wealth or national wealth; wealth is created by human labor and natural resources; wealth exists in different forms of society in different forms, in commodity economy or market economy society, Wealth is expressed as commodities, and commodities represent wealth in commodity economy and society. In the society of commodity economy, the social labor of human producing wealth is the value, the value is the abstract human labor condensed in the commodity, and it embodies the social and economic relationship between the people and the people among the commodity workers. The theory of labor value is a correct reflection of the relationship between commodity production and exchange. Through the analysis of the role of science and technology in the process of wealth production, the expansion of the field of labor, the complexity of the labor process of producing wealth, and the impact of economic globalization; This paper analyzes the influence of the major adjustment and change of capitalist and socialist relations of production on the production of wealth. This paper holds that with the continuous development of social productivity and the continuous development of human needs, the field of labor in which human beings acquire products to meet their needs is constantly expanding: from the material to the non-material; from the first, Second industry to the tertiary industry expansion; from manual labor to mental labor-based management labor development. At the same time, the labor of human production wealth is becoming more and more intellectual, intelligent, socialized and complicated. In a word, whether it is the expansion of productive wealth labor field or the increasing complexity of production wealth labor, all of these have not changed the nature of labor, the labor that constitutes value entity and the source of value. This paper holds that the development of social practice will inevitably lead to the development and innovation of the theory reflecting social practice. The expansion of labor field and the increase of labor complexity, on the one hand, reflect the change of social and economic practice of human wealth production, and reflect the characteristics of the times and diversity of economic practice activities; On the other hand, it reflects the deepening of people's understanding of the theory of labor value, that is, the innovation and development of the theory of labor value, and the richness of the content of the theory of labor value.
【学位授予单位】：西北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：F014.2

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