“洋跃进”问题探析

发布时间：2018-05-27 23:12

本文选题：“洋跃进” + 现代化　；参考：《中共中央党校》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： “洋跃进”是20世纪70年代末中国经济发展历史上影响比较大的事件。它是在继承“文革”经济遗产的基础上,由于在思想上急于求成,当时的领导人盲目地提出的一个超越国情的庞大建设计划。其执行,给刚刚起步恢复的国民经济造成了更大的压力。但是,“洋跃进”的制定和实施,又反映出发展经济、加快建设、敢于突破、大胆创新的勇气,为后来的对外开放提供了思路和经验,成为十一届三中全会确定改革开放国策的一个重要依据。去年是党的十一届三中全会召开30周年,今年又是建国60周年,许多国史中的重大问题必会引起人们的关注和反思。“洋跃进”,这个发生于“文革”刚刚结束、改革尚未开始这样一个特殊时期的重大经济事件,至今仍然弥漫在历史和政治形成的浓雾之中。无论在党史、国史还是经济学界,关于它的深入研究,至今阙如。因此,弄清这一事件的来龙去脉,对它进行一个较为细致的考察分析,不仅有利于了解事实真相,而且对今天的经济社会发展规划的制订,也可提供一定的经验借鉴。本文分引言和正文两部分。引言部分主要交代了本选题的研究现状、研究方法、研究意义、论文创新等问题。正文共分三节: 第一节是“洋跃进”的历史背景。“洋跃进”是在20世纪70年代末国内外环境发生巨大变化的形势下发生的经济事件。当时国内经济的困难局面迫使党内产生一种重视社会主义现代化建设、尽快弥补“文革”损失的群体心理;实现四个现代化的宏伟目标,是党内很早就确立的长远战略目标,这为“洋跃进”规划的制定提供了理论上的依据;十年“文革”的结束为国内经济发展提供了良好的安定政治环境。以上三点构成了“洋跃进”发生的国内背景。另外,当时中国面临的国际环境的好转,也为引进外资加快发展提供了良好空间。第二节是“洋跃进”规划的制定过程、内容及责任分析。“洋跃进”规划的制定经历了一个较长的过程,本节首先将分酝酿、成型、正式出台、执行、终止几个阶段来展开对这一过程的描述。由于“洋跃进”是一个庞大的计划,内容比较丰富,涉及到国民经济的各个方面。因此,本节接着会从投资基建、农业生产、工业生产和设备引进四个方面来交代它的具体内容。最后,本节还对“洋跃进”规划的决策责任做了具体的分析。第三节是对“洋跃进”事件影响的历史评价。本节先对“洋跃进”结束的原因进行分析,后着重对其的影响作了客观的分析和评价。虽然“洋跃进”给当时的国民经济发展造成了一定的冲击,但对它的分析应建立在唯物主义的基础上,从不同的角度来分析就将得到不同以往的新的看法。然后,将从四个不同的视角来对这一问题进行评价:首先,在认识方面,“洋冒进”规划在指导思想上继承了“文革”期间的“四三”方案,两者具有一定的相似性;但是人们往往只将“洋冒进”规划孤立地看待,因而在一点程度上加大了这一规划的“冒进”性。其次,从执行效果来看,在经过一段时间的建设,“洋跃进”规划中很多的指标尤其是对外引进建设项目都不同程度地得以实现,在这一层面来讲,“洋跃进”也并不是太“冒进”。再次,从所引进项目的内容来看,它优化了工业结构。最后,从它产生的实践效果来看,在对外引进的过程中,中国加大了与外国经济的联系,掌握了国际经济发展的趋势,为对外开放政策的制定提供了实践上的经验教训。
[Abstract]:"The leap of the ocean" was a relatively large event in the history of China's economic development at the end of the 1970s. On the basis of inheriting the economic heritage of the cultural revolution, it was a huge construction plan, which was put forward blindly by the leaders of the time, on the basis of the ideological urgency. However, the formulation and implementation of the "ocean leap" reflected the development economy, the acceleration of construction, the courage to break through, the courage to innovate, and the idea and experience for the opening to the outside world, which became an important basis for determining the policy of reform and opening to the outside world in the third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee. Last year was the party's the third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee call. 30th anniversary, this year is the 60th anniversary of the founding of the people's Republic of China. Many of the major problems in the history of the country will arouse people's attention and reflection. The "leap forward", which has just ended in the "Cultural Revolution", has not begun a major economic event in such a special period, and is still in the dense fog of history and politics. The history of the state or the economy is still a lack of an in-depth study of it. Therefore, to make a clear analysis of the incident and to make a detailed analysis of it will not only help to understand the truth, but also provide some experience for the development of the economic and social development plan of today.
This article is divided into two parts, the introduction and the main body. The introduction mainly explains the research status, research methods, research significance, and innovation of this topic.
The main body of the text is divided into three sections.
The first section is the historical background of "the leap of the ocean". The "ocean leap" is an economic event which took place at the end of the 1970s. At that time, the difficult situation of the domestic economy forced the party to produce a kind of group psychology that paid attention to the socialist modernization and made up for the loss of the Cultural Revolution as soon as possible; four The grand goal of modernization is the long-term strategic goal that the party has established early in the party. This provides a theoretical basis for the formulation of the "foreign leap" plan; the end of the ten year "Cultural Revolution" provides a good political environment for the development of domestic economy. The above three points constitute the domestic background of the "ocean leap". In addition, China was at the time. The improvement of the international environment has also provided a good space for the rapid development of foreign investment.
The second section is the formulation process, content and responsibility analysis of the "ocean leap" plan. The formulation of "ocean leap" plan has experienced a long process. This section begins with a few stages of brewing, forming, formally introducing, executing and terminating the description of the process. Rich, it involves all aspects of the national economy. Therefore, this section will then explain its specific content from four aspects of investment infrastructure, agricultural production, industrial production and equipment introduction. Finally, this section also makes a specific analysis of the decision responsibility of the "ocean leap" plan.
The third section is the historical evaluation of the impact of the "ocean leap". This section first analyzes the reasons for the end of the "ocean leap", and then focuses on the objective analysis and evaluation of its influence. Although the "ocean leap" has caused a certain impact on the national economic development at that time, the analysis of it should be based on materialism. Then, we will get different new views from different angles. Then, we will evaluate the problem from four different perspectives. First, in understanding, the "foreign invasion" plan inherits the "43" program during the "Cultural Revolution" in the guiding ideology. In a certain degree, the "forward" plan has increased the "forward" nature of the plan. Secondly, from the effect of implementation, after a period of construction, many indicators, especially the foreign import and construction projects, are realized in different range. Again, from the content of the project introduced, it optimizes the industrial structure. Finally, in the process of its practice, China has increased its connection with the foreign economy, mastered the trend of international economic development, and provided practical experience for the formulation of the policy of opening to the outside world. A lesson is taught.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：F092.7;K27

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