经济学实验的内部有效性和外部有效性——与朱富强先生商榷

发布时间：2018-05-28 16:23

本文选题：经济实验 + 内部有效性　；参考：《学术月刊》2017年08期

【摘要】：朱富强近期对应用于市场设计的经济学实验提出了质疑和批评,认为双盲设计等实验设计手段的目的是人为地使实验结果更接近理论预测,并指出:"……使得实验的博弈情境尽可能地接近现实环境,这是实验经济学和行为经济学的基本要求和发展方向。"(1)上述观点是对实验设计方法的误读。实验的价值恰恰就在于它有别于现实:与现实环境相比,实验环境的优势是对无关因素的"控制",从而保证研究结论的内部有效性。内部有效性得到验证之后,再通过其他实证手段逐步验证市场机制的外部有效性。从理论,到实验室实验,再到实地实验,最后进行社会推广并通过"事前事后分析"等观察性实证方法最终评价市场设计的效果,是市场设计的理想实践路径。
[Abstract]:Zhu Fuqiang has recently questioned and criticized the economic experiments applied to market design, arguing that the purpose of double-blind design and other experimental design methods is to artificially make the experimental results closer to theoretical prediction, and points out: " It is the basic requirement and development direction of experimental economics and behavioral economics to make the experimental game situation as close as possible to the real environment. The value of experiment is precisely because it is different from reality: compared with real environment, the advantage of experimental environment is "control" of irrelevant factors, so as to ensure the internal validity of research conclusions. After the internal validity is verified, the external validity of the market mechanism is verified step by other empirical means. It is an ideal practical path for market design to carry out social promotion and finally evaluate the effect of market design by means of observational empirical methods such as "prior analysis" and "prior and hindsight analysis" from theory to laboratory experiments to field experiments.
【作者单位】：上海财经大学经济学院;
【分类号】：F069.9

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