列斐伏尔与鲍德里亚消费社会理论的比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 16:54

本文选题：西方马克思主义 + 消费社会　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： “消费社会”的出现,改变了人类的生产生活方式,影响到人们的世界观和人们之间,人与自然的关系,导致了剧烈的社会变迁和文化转型。对此,西方马克思主义者从其特有的批判角度对这一涉及人类生存的问题进行了深入探讨。本文重点分析西方马克思主义代表人物列斐伏尔与鲍德里亚有关“消费社会”的论述,从中理顺西方马克思主义视野下消费社会理论的批判逻辑,得出他们眼中消费社会的特征与运行方式。通过借鉴他们的理论深化对于消费社会的了解,对这种从消费为视角和切入点来研究和批判当代社会的批判理论进行深入分析探讨。总的来说,列斐伏尔与鲍德里亚(早期)的思想,基本上都在西方马克思主义思想的框架之内,他们思想的局限性,也并未跳出西方马克思主义的窠臼。西方马克思主义者们在理论上推陈出新,提出许多经典马克思主义没有涉及到的许多新主题,却既没有论证其理论的可行性,也没有提出具体的操作方式。列斐伏尔从社会学的角度出发,以异化理论为基础,对被引导性消费的官僚社会所主宰日常生活进行阐述,称之为“消费受控制的科层社会”。他认为,在这个消费体制牢固掌控的社会中,流行文化与消费体系全面操控了日常生活。由此,列斐伏尔得出,要摆脱消费社会的控制,必须在日常生活中,消除人类的异化,克服人的片面性,克服人与自然的对立,才能实现经典马克思主义的总体性革命的成功。鲍德里亚则从消费本身的内涵出发,分析了消费社会的种种特征,在他看来,消费并非单纯存在于经济范围内,而是与社会和文化、物质生活和精神生活双重结构的运作,不断变化的人们的社会关系紧密相关,在更广泛的视野中对消费社会的结构、法则及运作方式等进行了创造性的分析和研究。他强调消费是一种确保调控符号和整合群体的系统,而消费社会是一种特殊的社会秩序。在消费社会中,被消费地不再是物品,而是人与物品之间的结构本身,这种关系已延伸到历史、文化各个层面。鲍德里亚以此为基础,对消费社会进行了批判,但却悲观的认为消费社会的悲剧性结局无法避免,消费社会所带来的问题也无法解决。
[Abstract]:The appearance of "consumer society" has changed the way of production and life of human beings, affected people's world outlook and the relationship between people, man and nature, and led to drastic social changes and cultural transformation. In view of this, the Western Marxists made a thorough discussion on the problem of human existence from the perspective of their special criticism. This paper focuses on the analysis of the discourse on "consumer society" between Lefeivoll and Baudrillard, a representative figure of Western Marxism, from which the critical logic of consumer society theory in the view of Western Marxism is straightened out. Get their eyes of the characteristics of consumer society and the way of operation. By using their theories for reference to deepen the understanding of consumer society, this critical theory of studying and criticizing contemporary society from the perspective of consumption and starting point is deeply analyzed and discussed. In general, the ideas of Lefefort and Baudrillard (early) are basically within the framework of Western Marxism, and their limitations do not break out of the pattern of Western Marxism. Western Marxists have brought forth new ideas in theory and put forward many new themes which are not involved in classical Marxism. However, they have neither demonstrated the feasibility of their theory nor put forward concrete ways of operation. From the angle of sociology and based on the theory of alienation, Lefeivoll explained that the bureaucratic society dominated by guided consumption was called "the branch society controlled by consumption". He believes that in a society firmly controlled by the consumption system, popular culture and consumption system control daily life. Therefore, in order to get rid of the control of consumer society, Lefebour must eliminate the alienation of human beings, overcome the one-sidedness of human beings, overcome the opposition between man and nature in order to realize the success of the overall revolution of classical Marxism. From the connotation of consumption itself, Baudrillard analyzes the characteristics of the consumer society. In his view, consumption does not exist in the economic scope, but operates with the dual structure of society and culture, material life and spiritual life. The changing social relations of people are closely related, and the structure, rules and operation of consumer society are analyzed and studied creatively in a wider field of vision. He stressed that consumption is a system to ensure the regulation of symbols and integration of groups, and that consumer society is a special social order. In the consumer society, the consuming place is no longer goods, but the structure itself between people and objects. This relationship has been extended to all levels of history and culture. On this basis, Baudrillard criticized the consumer society, but pessimistic that the tragic end of the consumer society can not be avoided, consumer society brought problems can not be solved.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F014.5

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