环境费用效益分析在环保基础设施建设评价中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-23 11:22

本文选题：环境费用效益分析 + 环保基础设施建设　；参考：《南京信息工程大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在城镇化快速推进的今天,经济社会得到了迅速发展,同时也给城镇生态环境造成了巨大的压力,导致城镇环境质量问题日益恶化。城镇环保基础设施是保护和改善城镇环境质量的重要支撑,是城镇经济和社会协调发展的物质保障。一直以来,我国的环保项目评价采用财务费用效益分析,强调直接经济效益,由于环保项目的社会性与公益性,这样的评价方法必然有很大的不足,严重阻碍了我国环保投资和环保产业的发展,给环保基础设施项目的决策和评价带来困难。“十三五”时期是我国环境质量改善的关键时期,也是城镇化进程的重要时期。城镇环境基础设施作为保护和改善城镇环境质量的重要支撑,需要更加科学效率的发展。项目可行性审批和评价不仅要考虑财务和经济效益,还要考虑社会效益和环境效益。这一要求决定了对环保基础设施项目进行环境费用效益分析的应用研究是具有重要意义的。本文采用理论研究与案例研究相结合的方法,通过回顾分析国内外有关费用效益分析的发展与应用实践,阐述了费用效益分析的理论基础。通过分析环保基础设施的特点、评价现状及存在的问题,提出了我国环保基础设施建设评价中应用环境费用效益分析的框架,最后在理论研究的基础上,选取高淳区生活垃圾焚烧发电项目进行案例分析。经研究显示,高淳区垃圾焚烧发电项目在第5年,综合费用效益比值就大于1,说明高淳区垃圾焚烧发电项目投资效果显著;通过环境费用效益分析得出该项目实施后综合效益费用比为2.77,具有显著的社会效益和环境效益,验证了环境费用效益分析在环保基础设施建设评价中的可行性和适用性,为今后环境费用效益分析在环保投资项目、环保规划、环境政策等中的应用提供指导和借鉴。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the rapid development of urbanization, the economic society has been developing rapidly, and at the same time, it has caused great pressure on the ecological environment of cities and towns, which has led to the worsening of environmental quality problems in cities and towns. Urban environmental protection infrastructure is an important support for the protection and improvement of urban environmental quality. It is also a material guarantee for the coordinated development of urban economy and society. All along, financial cost-benefit analysis has been used to evaluate environmental protection projects in our country, emphasizing direct economic benefits. Due to the sociality and public welfare of environmental protection projects, such evaluation methods must have great shortcomings. It seriously hinders the development of environmental protection investment and industry in China, and brings difficulties to the decision and evaluation of environmental protection infrastructure projects. The Thirteenth Five-Year Plan period is the key period of environmental quality improvement and the important period of urbanization. As an important support for the protection and improvement of urban environmental quality, urban environmental infrastructure needs more scientific and efficient development. The feasibility examination and approval and evaluation of the project should not only consider the financial and economic benefits, but also consider the social and environmental benefits. This requirement determines the application of environmental cost-benefit analysis to environmental infrastructure projects is of great significance. In this paper, the theoretical basis of cost-benefit analysis is expounded by reviewing and analyzing the development and application of cost-benefit analysis at home and abroad by combining theoretical research with case study. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of environmental protection infrastructure, the present situation and the existing problems, this paper puts forward the framework of applying environmental cost and benefit analysis to the evaluation of environmental protection infrastructure construction in China. Finally, on the basis of theoretical research, A case study of Gaochun municipal solid waste incineration power generation project is carried out. The research shows that in the fifth year, the comprehensive cost benefit ratio of Gaochun MSW incineration power generation project is greater than 1, which indicates that the investment effect of Gaochun MSW incineration power generation project is remarkable. Through the analysis of environmental cost and benefit, it is concluded that the comprehensive benefit cost ratio is 2.77, which has remarkable social and environmental benefits, and verifies the feasibility and applicability of environmental cost benefit analysis in the evaluation of environmental infrastructure construction. It provides guidance and reference for the application of environmental cost and benefit analysis in environmental protection investment projects, environmental protection planning, environmental policy and so on.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X32;X196

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