现代主流经济学中的逻辑背反:政策上的市场主义和思维上的唯理主义

发布时间：2018-09-08 12:06

【摘要】：时下产业政策和政府职能之争根本上源于现代经济学内在的思维悖论:作为现代主流经济学的两大重要分支,新古典经济学和奥地利学派都根基于西方社会的自然主义和肯定性理性传统。一方面,新古典经济学的思维具有强烈的建构理性主义特质,它不仅为计划经济提供了理论基础,而且还导向了数理化道路。不过,建构理性主义被用于设计和改造社会制度的同时,"理性自负"却引发了近代社会的动荡和混乱。另一方面,奥地利学派又转向自然主义的另一基本思维——先验的个人主义,把个人主义视为先验的、不可动摇的分析基石,从而为市场原教旨主义提供了更为坚实的理论支持,进而构成现代主流经济学的另一思维和学说来源。由此,现代主流经济学的理论逻辑与政策主张之间就呈现出了一种紧张和冲突关系:其理论是建立在唯理主义思维之上,而个人主义意识形态又提出市场至上的政策主张。
[Abstract]:The controversy between industrial policy and government functions is rooted in the paradox of thinking in modern economics: as two important branches of modern mainstream economics, Neo-classical economics and Austrian school are based on the tradition of naturalism and positive rationality in western society. On the one hand, the thinking of neoclassical economics has a strong characteristic of constructive rationalism, which not only provides the theoretical basis for planned economy, but also leads to the road of mathematics, physics and chemistry. However, while rationalism was used to design and reform the social system, rational conceit caused turbulence and chaos in modern society. On the other hand, the Austrian school turned to the other basic thinking of naturalism, the transcendental individualism, which was regarded as a transcendental, unshakable foundation of analysis. Thus, it provides more solid theoretical support for market fundamentalism, and then constitutes another thought and theoretical source of modern mainstream economics. Thus, there is a tense and conflicting relationship between the theoretical logic of modern mainstream economics and its policy proposition: its theory is based on rationalist thinking, while individualism ideology puts forward the policy proposition of market supremacy.
【作者单位】：中山大学;
【分类号】：F091.3

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