政府行为与经济波动——对宏观经济政策的反思

发布时间：2018-10-05 17:27

【摘要】：自凯恩斯主义诞生以来,作为对市场缺陷的一种弥补,政府逐渐远离古典主义所信奉的市场"守夜人"角色,并作为经济活动主体越来越广泛地介入和参与到实际经济生活之中。经济危机使经济学家们和公众更加关注自由市场本身的缺陷以及市场失灵问题,但是却很少有人关注政府失灵问题,而政府失灵却是导致危机爆发并长期持续的关键性因素之一。笔者通过回顾美国20世纪30年代的经济大萧条以及2008年全球金融危机前后政府的行为,认为在这一系列的经济波动事件背后均隐藏着政府失灵的影子。但是对于如何界定政府和市场的边界,由于市场失灵的动态性、政府相机抉择政策的长期影响和短期效果的差异问题以及广泛存在的政府"俘获"现象,事实上是一个很难有确切答案的问题。相对于市场失灵而言,政府失灵的表现形式更为隐蔽,其对资源配置效率的扭曲更值得我们警惕。政府在实施某种干预措施时应充分考虑其对市场机制的长期潜在影响。
[Abstract]:Since the birth of Keynesianism, as a remedy for market defects, governments have gradually moved away from the role of market "night watchmen" espoused by classicism. And as the main body of economic activities more and more widely involved and participate in the actual economic life. The economic crisis has raised concerns among economists and the public about the flaws and failures of the free market itself, but little attention has been paid to the failure of government. But government failure is one of the key factors that led to the outbreak and long-lasting crisis. By reviewing the American economic depression in the 1930s and the behavior of the government before and after the global financial crisis in 2008, the author thinks that there is a shadow of government failure behind these series of economic fluctuation events. However, as to how to define the boundary between government and market, due to the dynamic nature of market failure, the difference between the long-term and short-term effects of government's decision policy, and the widespread phenomenon of government "capture", In fact, it's a very difficult question to answer. Compared with market failure, the form of government failure is more subtle, and the distortion of resource allocation efficiency is more worthy of our vigilance. The government should take full account of its long-term potential impact on market mechanism when implementing some kind of intervention.
【作者单位】：兰州大学经济学院;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(项目编号:14LZUJBWZB001) 甘肃省哲学社会科学重大研究基地“丝绸之路经济带建设研究中心”资助
【分类号】：F091.3

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