公共物品供给的市场化模式分析
发布时间：2018-12-16 02:50
【摘要】： 社会对公共物品的需要是客观的，而在人们以往的观念中，，市场机制不能有效地供给。因此，自国家和政府产生以来，提供公共物品便成为政府的天职，这体现了政府的基本作用。然而，政府的行为并非完美，由政府垄断公共物品的供给虽然解决了“搭便车”行为，但却出现了效率不高、供给短缺、资金缺乏等问题。如何在政府财政有限而公众对公共物品的需求不断增长的情况下有效地提供公共物品便成为各国政府追求的共同目标。 本文基于公共选择理论对政府供给公共物品的效率进行了深入的剖析，对比分析了西方“新公共管理”运动中公共物品供给领域取得巨大成效的市场化模式，认为市场在公共物品供给理论上的失灵并不意味着市场的彻底无能，运用市场化模式供给公共物品，可以充分发挥其效率优势，这对改善给公共物品供给的数量和质量，克服供给上的政府失灵，具有非常积极的意义。 本文从公共物品的性质出发，首先分析了政府垄断公共物品供给中效率不足、供给短缺的原因，提出市场化模式是解决供给中出现的一系列问题的有效途径。进而通过对“新公共管理”运动的考察，分析了市场化模式产生的必然性，并对其实施的可能性、边界问题进行了探讨。在此基础上，就市场化模式的理念、具体形式进行了分析，提出了市场化模式在克服政府单一供给公共物品缺陷上具有的效率优势。此外，还特别指出了市场化模式中应注意的几个问题。本文最后对我国公共物品供给的市场化问题进行了一些思考。
[Abstract]:The social need for public goods is objective, but in the past, the market mechanism can not be supplied effectively. Therefore, since the state and the government came into being, the provision of public goods has become the natural duty of the government, which reflects the basic role of the government. However, the behavior of the government is not perfect. Although the government monopolizes the supply of public goods, it solves the problem of "hitchhiking", but it has some problems, such as inefficiency, shortage of supply, lack of funds and so on. How to provide public goods effectively under the condition of limited government finance and increasing public demand for public goods has become the common goal pursued by the governments of all countries. Based on the theory of public choice, this paper makes a deep analysis of the efficiency of government supply of public goods, and compares and analyzes the market-oriented mode of public goods supply in the western "New Public Management" movement, which has made great achievements in the field of public goods supply. It is believed that the failure of the market in the supply of public goods in theory does not mean that the market is completely incompetent. The use of the market-oriented mode to supply public goods can give full play to its efficiency advantages, which will improve the quantity and quality of the supply of public goods. It is of great significance to overcome the government failure in supply. Starting from the nature of public goods, this paper first analyzes the reasons for the shortage of efficiency and supply in the supply of public goods, and points out that the market-oriented model is an effective way to solve a series of problems in the supply of public goods. Through the investigation of the movement of "new public management", this paper analyzes the inevitability of the emergence of the market-oriented mode, and probes into the possibility of its implementation and the problem of the boundary. On this basis, this paper analyzes the concept and concrete form of the market-oriented model, and puts forward the efficiency advantage of the market-oriented mode in overcoming the defects of the government's single supply of public goods. In addition, it also points out several problems that should be paid attention to in the market-oriented model. In the end, this paper gives some thoughts on the marketization of the supply of public goods in our country.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：F062.6
本文编号：2381715
[Abstract]:The social need for public goods is objective, but in the past, the market mechanism can not be supplied effectively. Therefore, since the state and the government came into being, the provision of public goods has become the natural duty of the government, which reflects the basic role of the government. However, the behavior of the government is not perfect. Although the government monopolizes the supply of public goods, it solves the problem of "hitchhiking", but it has some problems, such as inefficiency, shortage of supply, lack of funds and so on. How to provide public goods effectively under the condition of limited government finance and increasing public demand for public goods has become the common goal pursued by the governments of all countries. Based on the theory of public choice, this paper makes a deep analysis of the efficiency of government supply of public goods, and compares and analyzes the market-oriented mode of public goods supply in the western "New Public Management" movement, which has made great achievements in the field of public goods supply. It is believed that the failure of the market in the supply of public goods in theory does not mean that the market is completely incompetent. The use of the market-oriented mode to supply public goods can give full play to its efficiency advantages, which will improve the quantity and quality of the supply of public goods. It is of great significance to overcome the government failure in supply. Starting from the nature of public goods, this paper first analyzes the reasons for the shortage of efficiency and supply in the supply of public goods, and points out that the market-oriented model is an effective way to solve a series of problems in the supply of public goods. Through the investigation of the movement of "new public management", this paper analyzes the inevitability of the emergence of the market-oriented mode, and probes into the possibility of its implementation and the problem of the boundary. On this basis, this paper analyzes the concept and concrete form of the market-oriented model, and puts forward the efficiency advantage of the market-oriented mode in overcoming the defects of the government's single supply of public goods. In addition, it also points out several problems that should be paid attention to in the market-oriented model. In the end, this paper gives some thoughts on the marketization of the supply of public goods in our country.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：F062.6
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前4条
1 赵宇;提高沈阳市科普场馆利用效率对策研究[D];东北大学;2009年
2 黄河东;广西城市公共物品有效供给评价与对策研究[D];广西师范大学;2008年
3 吴双;我国公共服务合作供给网络研究[D];大连理工大学;2009年
4 曹立静;政府住房信息资源开发研究[D];山东建筑大学;2010年
本文编号：2381715
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