布哈林经济思想研究

发布时间：2019-01-10 17:55

【摘要】：布哈林是前苏联著名的马克思主义经济学家、政治学家与革命家,是苏共党史上唯一当选为科学院院士的国家领导人。他继承并发展了马克思恩格斯的世界经济思想,捍卫了列宁提出的有关苏俄社会主义经济建设的理论。他的社会主义经济建设思想与列宁的主张存在差异,也曾与斯大林就工业与农业、计划与市场的关系等问题展开过论战,并因此铸就了他的人生悲剧。我们认为,布哈林对资本主义经济学说进行了批判,分析了帝国主义和世界经济状况,在把握苏俄经济规律和经济政策方法论的基础上,提出了计划、市场与国家的关系问题,将合作社作为沟通工农联盟的桥梁,阐释了苏俄实现国民经济平衡发展的思想。布哈林关于合作社、富农经济和平赎买的思想主张与中国社会主义改造存在“异曲同工”的关联,其“落后的社会主义形式”与中国特色社会主义面对的客观国情具有相似之处。他提出的国际贸易理论与20世纪80年代以来中国对外开放的理论逻辑具有关联性,其国民经济平衡论在中国精益企业改革中也能融会贯通,其城乡关系理论还能为中国城乡改革提供参考。尽管布哈林社会主义经济建设思想有其灼灼生辉的一面,但也存在着认识偏差。这些偏颇有的是错误的,乃至某些正确的认识也表现为粗浅的思考。布哈林在社会主义经济建设探索中存在认识局限的原因在于他对马克思主义有着教条式的理解。这与苏俄社会主义纲领和决策以及个人的理论认识水平密切关联。
[Abstract]:Bukharin is a famous Marxist economist, political scientist and revolutionist in the former Soviet Union, and the only national leader elected as academician of the Academy of Sciences in the history of the Communist Party of Soviet Union. He inherited and developed Marx and Engels' thought of world economy and defended Lenin's theory of Soviet Russia's socialist economic construction. His thought of socialist economic construction is different from Lenin's, and he has also debated with Stalin on the relationship between industry and agriculture, planning and market, and thus made his life tragedy. We believe that Bukharin criticized the capitalist economic theory, analyzed imperialism and the world economic situation, and put forward the question of the relationship between the plan, the market and the state on the basis of grasping the economic laws and economic policy methodology of Soviet Russia. The cooperative is regarded as the bridge to communicate the union of workers and peasants, and the thought of realizing the balanced development of the national economy in Soviet Russia is explained. Bukharin's idea of co-operatives and peaceful redemption of the rich peasants' economy was related to the existence of "the same work" in the socialist transformation of China. Its "backward socialist form" is similar to the objective national conditions of socialism with Chinese characteristics. His theory of international trade is related to the logic of China's opening to the outside world since the 1980s, and his theory of balance in the national economy can also be integrated into the reform of lean enterprises in China. The theory of urban-rural relationship can also provide a reference for China's urban and rural reform. Although Bukharin's socialist economic construction thought has its bright side, but also has the understanding deviation. Some of these biases are wrong, even some of the correct understanding is also reflected in superficial thinking. The reason for Bukharin's limited understanding in the exploration of socialist economic construction lies in his dogmatic understanding of Marxism. This is closely related to the Soviet Socialist Program and decision-making, as well as the level of individual theoretical understanding.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F091.3

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