马克思与科斯产权理论比较分析及启示

发布时间：2019-01-19 21:26

【摘要】：产权理论无论在理论研究还是在经济运行体制实践中都有着极为重要的地位。经济学家们基于自己的阶级利益与学术研究方向,继承并发展了产权理论。本文系统地介绍了产权理论历史演进过程中的几种产权理论学派:古典政治经济学派、马克思主义经济学和新制度经济学派,揭示了科斯的产权理论古典政治经济学产权理论以及马克思产权理论的思想渊源,并从时代背景、理论基础、主要内容和研究方法四个方面分别阐述、分析了马克思产权理论与科斯产权理论。本文采用文献研究法、分析归纳法、比较分析法探讨了二者的产权理论,通过对二者产权理论的比较,分析了二者产权理论的联系与区别,指出了我们应该毫不动摇地坚持马克思产权理论的指导意义,在意识到科斯产权理论局限性的同时,把握科斯产权理论的借鉴意义。本文在从分析马克思产权理论与科斯产权理论的差异与共识两个方面出发对其进行了系统地比较研究,发现两种产权理论既有共识也存有本质性差异。共识之处在于:第一、二者都认为产权不是单一的权利,而是“一束”或“一组”权利;第二、二者都肯定了交易费用在市场交易中的作用;第三、二者都肯定了清晰的产权制度是市场交易的基础。虽然有上述共识之处,马克思产权理论与科斯产权理论依然存在着本质性差异,从研究方法、研究背景、理论基础以及主要内容的研究都存有差异。内容中的差异包括:产权本质的认识、对效率的认识以及产权与法律之间联系的认识。虽然,马克思产权理论也存在一些需要与时俱进的地方,比如,马克思产权理论重视对产权建设宏观上的把握,面对新形势下深化制度改革出现的问题无法有效的解答。这就要求我们要与时俱进的发展马克思产权理论,使之更好的指导中国特色社会主义经济建设。但是不可否认,随着我国改革开放的不断推进,使得制度改革也在如火如荼进行当中,正确的理解马克思产权理论可以更好的认识市场经济、企业发展以及产权制度。这些要求我们应该坚持马克思产权理论在宏观层面对我国的指导地位,同时批判地借鉴科斯产权理论的微观意义。最后,本文指出了两种产权理论对我国社会主义市场经济的不同政策含义以及对我国社会主义市场经济建设的不同指导地位。同时,论述了中共领导人不断面对新挑战,研究新问题,提出新思路,持续推进马克思产权理论中国化,将马克思产权理论的新发展运用到中国的具体产权改革实践当中,对我国进一步深化机制体制改革具有现实意义。
[Abstract]:Property right theory plays an important role in both theoretical research and practice of economic operation system. Economists inherited and developed the property right theory based on their own class interests and academic research direction. This paper systematically introduces several schools of property right theory in the course of historical evolution: classical political and economic school, Marxist economics and new institutional economics school. It reveals the ideological origin of the classical political economy property right theory and Marx's property right theory of Coase's property right theory, and expounds respectively from four aspects: the background of the times, the theoretical foundation, the main content and the research method. It analyzes Marx's theory of property right and Coase's theory of property right. This paper discusses the property rights theory of the two countries by means of literature research, inductive analysis and comparative analysis. Through the comparison of the two property rights theories, the paper analyzes the connection and difference between the two property rights theories. It is pointed out that we should unswervingly adhere to the guiding significance of Marx's property right theory and grasp the reference significance of Coase's property right theory while realizing the limitation of Coase's property right theory. Based on the analysis of the difference and consensus between Marx's property right theory and Coase's property right theory, this paper makes a systematic comparative study on them, and finds that the two property right theories have both common and essential differences. The consensus lies in: first, both think that property right is not a single right, but "a bundle" or "a group" rights, second, both affirm the role of transaction costs in market transactions; Third, both affirmed that clear property rights system is the basis of market transactions. In spite of the above consensus, there are still essential differences between Marx's property right theory and Coase's property right theory, including research methods, research background, theoretical basis and main contents. The differences in content include the understanding of the essence of property right, the understanding of efficiency and the relationship between property right and law. Although there are some points in Marx's property right theory that need to keep pace with the times, for example, Marx's property right theory attaches importance to the macroscopic grasp of property right construction, and facing the new situation, the problems arising from deepening the system reform cannot be answered effectively. This requires us to keep pace with the development of Marxist theory of property rights, so as to better guide the socialist economic construction with Chinese characteristics. But there is no denying that with the continuous promotion of reform and opening up in China, institutional reform is also in full swing, a correct understanding of Marx's property rights theory can better understand the market economy, enterprise development and property rights system. These demands that we should insist on the guiding position of Marx's property right theory to our country at the macro level, and at the same time critically draw lessons from the microscopic significance of Coase's property right theory. Finally, this paper points out the different policy meanings of the two kinds of property right theories to the socialist market economy of our country and the different guiding position to the construction of the socialist market economy of our country. At the same time, the paper discusses the new challenges, studies new problems, puts forward new ideas, continuously promotes the localization of Marx's property right theory, and applies the new development of Marx's property right theory to the concrete property right reform practice in China. It is of practical significance to further deepen the institutional reform of our country.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F091.3

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