市场结构与出口贸易
发布时间：2019-03-24 21:27
【摘要】：市场结构对出口贸易的影响,是近年来开放经济条件下产业组织理论和国际贸易理论所关注的重要问题之一。一般认为,国内市场的竞争不仅影响企业在国内市场上的销售和盈利水平,而且它也会影响到企业在国外市场上的销售激励和销售能力。因此,从国内市场结构的角度,研究它与出口贸易之间的联系,是当代产业经济理论的传统之一。中国学者一般习惯于从比较利益、竞争优势等方面研究市场结构与出口贸易之间的关系,而产业经济学在这一方面却有自己独到的视角。作为一种研究的尝试,本文以此为出发点,试图对市场结构与出口贸易之间的作用机制进行深入分析,并运用中国的经济数据对此进行检验,提出一些能够改善我国市场结构,促进出口贸易发展的政策建议。 本文的理论分析结论主要有以下几个方面: 1、市场集中度与出口贸易负相关。在国内为不完全竞争的情况下,随着企业个数和竞争程度的增加,每个企业所面临的需求减少,产品销售价格下降,如果国外为竞争性的市场结构,国内企业出口的相对收益就会增加,它就会减少在国内的销售,增加出口;如果国外为垄断性的市场结构,国内外企业进行寡头垄断博弈,双方博弈的结果就是相互出口。因此,企业个数较多、竞争程度较强的国家就会有较多的出口。 2、企业规模与出口贸易正相关。企业规模可以从生产成本和交易成本两个方面对出口贸易产生影响。在一定的条件下,企业的规模越大,生产成本越低,竞争力越强,出口就越多。在交易成本方面,大企业在出口方面的交易成本要低于小企业,小企业的这种劣势会抵消它在出口方面的激励。当市场体系不断完善、国内交易成本逐渐降低时,小企业的出口倾向会小于大企业。因此企业规模与出口呈现出正相关关系。 3、企业进入(包括外来直接投资进入)与出口贸易正相关。进入壁垒的降低会直接降低新进入企业的成本,从而使其更具有竞争性,这同时就会减少原有
[Abstract]:The influence of market structure on export trade is one of the important issues concerned by the theory of industrial organization and the theory of international trade under the condition of open economy in recent years. It is generally believed that the competition in the domestic market not only affects the level of sales and profits of enterprises in the domestic market, but also affects the sales incentive and sales ability of enterprises in the foreign market. Therefore, from the perspective of domestic market structure, it is one of the traditions of contemporary industrial economy theory to study the relationship between it and export trade. Chinese scholars are used to studying the relationship between market structure and export trade from the aspects of comparative interests and competitive advantages, but industrial economics has its own unique perspective in this respect. Taking this as a starting point, this paper tries to analyze the mechanism between market structure and export trade, and use the economic data of China to test it, and put forward some suggestions that can improve the market structure of our country. Policy recommendations to promote the development of export trade. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. Market concentration is negatively related to export trade. In the case of incomplete competition at home, with the increase of the number of enterprises and the degree of competition, the demand faced by each enterprise will decrease, and the price of product sales will decrease. If the foreign market structure is competitive, The relative income of domestic enterprise exports will increase, it will reduce the domestic sales, increase exports; If the foreign market structure is monopolistic, domestic and foreign enterprises carry on oligopoly game, the result of both sides game is mutual export. Therefore, the number of enterprises, more competitive countries will have more exports. 2, the size of the enterprise and export trade is positively related. Enterprise size can affect export trade from two aspects: production cost and transaction cost. Under certain conditions, the larger the scale of the enterprise, the lower the production cost and the stronger the competitiveness, the more the export will be. In terms of transaction costs, the export transaction costs of large firms are lower than those of small ones, and this disadvantage of small firms offsets its export incentives. When the market system is constantly improved and the domestic transaction costs are gradually reduced, the export tendency of small enterprises will be smaller than that of large ones. Therefore, there is a positive correlation between the scale of enterprises and exports. 3, the entry of enterprises (including foreign direct investment) is positively related to export trade. Lower barriers to entry will directly reduce the cost of new entrants, making them more competitive, and at the same time reduce existing ones.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：F062.9;F740
本文编号：2446696
[Abstract]:The influence of market structure on export trade is one of the important issues concerned by the theory of industrial organization and the theory of international trade under the condition of open economy in recent years. It is generally believed that the competition in the domestic market not only affects the level of sales and profits of enterprises in the domestic market, but also affects the sales incentive and sales ability of enterprises in the foreign market. Therefore, from the perspective of domestic market structure, it is one of the traditions of contemporary industrial economy theory to study the relationship between it and export trade. Chinese scholars are used to studying the relationship between market structure and export trade from the aspects of comparative interests and competitive advantages, but industrial economics has its own unique perspective in this respect. Taking this as a starting point, this paper tries to analyze the mechanism between market structure and export trade, and use the economic data of China to test it, and put forward some suggestions that can improve the market structure of our country. Policy recommendations to promote the development of export trade. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1. Market concentration is negatively related to export trade. In the case of incomplete competition at home, with the increase of the number of enterprises and the degree of competition, the demand faced by each enterprise will decrease, and the price of product sales will decrease. If the foreign market structure is competitive, The relative income of domestic enterprise exports will increase, it will reduce the domestic sales, increase exports; If the foreign market structure is monopolistic, domestic and foreign enterprises carry on oligopoly game, the result of both sides game is mutual export. Therefore, the number of enterprises, more competitive countries will have more exports. 2, the size of the enterprise and export trade is positively related. Enterprise size can affect export trade from two aspects: production cost and transaction cost. Under certain conditions, the larger the scale of the enterprise, the lower the production cost and the stronger the competitiveness, the more the export will be. In terms of transaction costs, the export transaction costs of large firms are lower than those of small ones, and this disadvantage of small firms offsets its export incentives. When the market system is constantly improved and the domestic transaction costs are gradually reduced, the export tendency of small enterprises will be smaller than that of large ones. Therefore, there is a positive correlation between the scale of enterprises and exports. 3, the entry of enterprises (including foreign direct investment) is positively related to export trade. Lower barriers to entry will directly reduce the cost of new entrants, making them more competitive, and at the same time reduce existing ones.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：F062.9;F740
【引证文献】
相关博士学位论文 前3条
1 叶宏伟;国际市场势力与出口商品结构升级[D];浙江大学;2011年
2 张劲松;中国家具对外贸易与产业成长关系研究[D];北京林业大学;2011年
3 孙艳琳;中国企业出口贸易和对外直接投资模型研究[D];武汉理工大学;2007年
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 郑可;出口企业对外国采购商讨价还价能力影响因素研究[D];浙江大学;2008年
2 涂云飞;市场结构对出口贸易的影响[D];江西财经大学;2012年
，本文编号：2446696
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