哈罗德-多马经济增长模式研究
发布时间：2019-03-26 19:15
【摘要】： 英国经济学家哈罗德和美国经济学家多马在凯恩斯就业理论的基础上，将《通论》中 的内容长期化、动态化，标志现代经济增长理论的开端。从此以后经济增长理论就成为宏 观经济学的重要组成部分了。 自从索洛（R.SoloW）1956年发表《对经济增长理论的贡献》一文之后，西方成千上 百的经济学家转入了对经济增长理论的研究。二十世纪 50年代中期和 60年代末是经济增 长理论的黄金时代。但70年代初期以来，关于经济增长理论的文章突然从西方各主要学术 期刊上消失了。原来相当有建树的增长经济学家都转入其它研究领域。 增长理论的盛衰表明这一学科的发展存在严重的问题。以索洛为代表的新古典增长理 论是西方主流经济学新古典综合派的重要组成部分，但新古典增长理论存在很大的局限性。 罗默尔（P.Romer）1986年的文章探讨了消除这些局限性的途径，创立了“新”增长理论。 本义主要研究哈罗德-多马模式的“刃锋”问题。增长模式的稳定性问题一直是各增长 学派的研究重点。以“刃锋”问题著称的哈罗德-多马模式在经过各学派发展之后，增长模 式在哈罗德-多马模式之后成为稳定的了。但人们对于哈罗德-多马模式为什么是不稳定的， 莫衷一是。多数人认为是因为哈罗德-多马模式采用的固定系数生产函数有问题，他们不理 解资本和劳动在技术上是可以替代的。在与索洛模式比较之后,本文得出结论： 哈罗德-多马经济增长模式的不稳定性质是由于哈罗德是一个彻底的凯恩斯主义者，强 调企业家行为和预期的作用；同时哈罗德是充分理解资本和劳动在技术上替代的可能性的， 只不过由于利率不可能自由调节，，无法保证资本和劳动在技术上可以替代的罢了。按照凯 恩斯经济理论推导的哈罗德-多马模式只能是不稳定的。索洛经济增长模式的稳定性质，并 不仅仅是因为索洛理解资本和劳动在技术上是可替代的，采用连续总体生产函数;而且是 因为1、索洛没有强调预期的作用,总是令事前投资等于事前储蓄，在其模式中不存在一 个独立的投资函数。如果采用一个独立的投资函数，哈罗德的刃锋问题会立即在索洛模式 中重现。2、索洛模式中利率是可变的。 本文最后部分综述了包含技术进步古典和新古典经济增长模式，将技术进步引入增 长模式之后,并不会改变我们上面的结论。
[Abstract]:British economist Harold and American economist Thomas, on the basis of Keynesian employment theory, make the contents of General Theory long-term and dynamic, marking the beginning of modern economic growth theory. Since then, the theory of economic growth has become an important part of macro-economics. Since R.SoloW published his contribution to the theory of economic growth in 1956, hundreds of economists in the West have turned to the study of the theory of economic growth. The mid-1950s and late 1960s were the golden age of the theory of economic growth. But since the early 1970s, articles on the theory of economic growth have suddenly disappeared from major western academic journals. Growth economists, who had been quite successful, turned to other areas of research. The rise and fall of the growth theory shows that there are serious problems in the development of this subject. Neo-classical growth theory, represented by Solow, is an important part of the neo-classical comprehensive school of western mainstream economics, but the neo-classical growth theory has great limitations. P.Romer 's 1986 paper explores ways to eliminate these limitations and creates a "new" growth theory. The purpose of this paper is to study the problem of "edge" of Harold-Thomas model. The stability of growth model has always been the research focus of various growth schools. The Harold-Thomas model, which is famous for the problem of "blade front", has become stable after the development of various schools of thought, and the growth pattern has become stable after the Harold-Thomas model. But there is no agreement on why the Harold-Thomas model is unstable. Most people think that there is a problem with the fixed-coefficient production function used in the Harold-Thomas model, and that they can technically substitute for capital and labor. After comparing with the Solow model, this paper concludes that the unstable nature of the Harold-Thomas economic growth model is due to the fact that Harold is a thorough Keynesian. Strong regulation of entrepreneur behavior and expected role; At the same time Harold fully understands the possibility of technological substitution of capital and labor, but because interest rates cannot be freely regulated, there is no guarantee that capital and labor can be technically replaced. The Harold-Thomas model derived from Keynes's economic theory can only be unstable. The stable nature of Solow's economic growth model is not only because Solow understands that capital and labor are technically replaceable, but also adopts continuous population production function. And because 1, Solow did not emphasize the expected role, always so that pre-investment is equal to prior savings, there is no independent investment function in its model. If an independent investment function is used, Harold's edge problem will immediately be reproduced in the Solow model. 2, interest rates are variable in the Solo model. In the last part of this paper, the classical and neoclassical economic growth models including technological progress are reviewed, and the introduction of technological progress into the lengthening model will not change our conclusion above.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2000
【分类号】：F061.2
本文编号：2447844
[Abstract]:British economist Harold and American economist Thomas, on the basis of Keynesian employment theory, make the contents of General Theory long-term and dynamic, marking the beginning of modern economic growth theory. Since then, the theory of economic growth has become an important part of macro-economics. Since R.SoloW published his contribution to the theory of economic growth in 1956, hundreds of economists in the West have turned to the study of the theory of economic growth. The mid-1950s and late 1960s were the golden age of the theory of economic growth. But since the early 1970s, articles on the theory of economic growth have suddenly disappeared from major western academic journals. Growth economists, who had been quite successful, turned to other areas of research. The rise and fall of the growth theory shows that there are serious problems in the development of this subject. Neo-classical growth theory, represented by Solow, is an important part of the neo-classical comprehensive school of western mainstream economics, but the neo-classical growth theory has great limitations. P.Romer 's 1986 paper explores ways to eliminate these limitations and creates a "new" growth theory. The purpose of this paper is to study the problem of "edge" of Harold-Thomas model. The stability of growth model has always been the research focus of various growth schools. The Harold-Thomas model, which is famous for the problem of "blade front", has become stable after the development of various schools of thought, and the growth pattern has become stable after the Harold-Thomas model. But there is no agreement on why the Harold-Thomas model is unstable. Most people think that there is a problem with the fixed-coefficient production function used in the Harold-Thomas model, and that they can technically substitute for capital and labor. After comparing with the Solow model, this paper concludes that the unstable nature of the Harold-Thomas economic growth model is due to the fact that Harold is a thorough Keynesian. Strong regulation of entrepreneur behavior and expected role; At the same time Harold fully understands the possibility of technological substitution of capital and labor, but because interest rates cannot be freely regulated, there is no guarantee that capital and labor can be technically replaced. The Harold-Thomas model derived from Keynes's economic theory can only be unstable. The stable nature of Solow's economic growth model is not only because Solow understands that capital and labor are technically replaceable, but also adopts continuous population production function. And because 1, Solow did not emphasize the expected role, always so that pre-investment is equal to prior savings, there is no independent investment function in its model. If an independent investment function is used, Harold's edge problem will immediately be reproduced in the Solow model. 2, interest rates are variable in the Solo model. In the last part of this paper, the classical and neoclassical economic growth models including technological progress are reviewed, and the introduction of technological progress into the lengthening model will not change our conclusion above.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2000
【分类号】：F061.2
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 崔红威;河北省建设沿海经济社会强省的人力资本支持研究[D];河北大学;2008年
2 杨倩;我国西部地区公路建设投资与经济增长之关系研究[D];中央民族大学;2012年
本文编号：2447844
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jingjilunwen/jingjililun/2447844.html
