基于土地利用视角的黑龙江省城镇等级、规模与功能的关系研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 05:39

本文关键词：基于土地利用视角的黑龙江省城镇等级、规模与功能的关系研究　出处：《东北农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：土地利用的城镇化是城镇化的重要内容,城镇土地利用规模的大小、类型的多寡直接影响着城镇的等级和功能,影响着城镇化的质量、土地资源的可持续利用与区域的可持续发展。在城镇化建设过程中,城镇用地规模的扩张是城镇发展的直接表现,城镇等级的提升是城镇建设的阶段性成果,城镇功能的完善与多样化发展是城镇建设的重要目标。城镇的规模、等级、功能三者密切相关,同时可以作为城镇化建设的衡量标准之一。城镇规模、等级、功能的相关研究是土地资源管理学、城市地理学领域的重要研究内容,是国内外学者的关注热点。由于城镇的发展受到自然资源、地理环境、政策导向、发展阶段等多因素影响,因此不同地区的城镇发展具有自身特点。黑龙江省城镇化建设在建国初期领先于全国水平,但改革开放后的城镇化水平则稍显滞后,随着国家振兴东北老工业基地战略的深入推进,必将进一步推动区域城镇化发展。同时,黑龙江省作为东北老工业基地、国家级商品粮基地与现代农牧业发展基地,注重土地资源的合理利用、耕地资源的保护对于保障国家粮食安全具有战略意义。因此,有必要基于土地利用的视角对于黑龙江省城镇化发展现状进行分析,并针对城镇化建设中所表现的不足之处提出对策建议以继续推动地区城镇化发展。本研究以黑龙江省为研究区,基于城镇土地调查取得的城镇用地数据,综合运用定量分析、空间分析、统计分析等多种研究方法,对城镇等级与规模的相互影响、等级与功能关系、规模与功能关系、不同功能组合模式下的城镇空间分布特征展开分析,主要内容及结论如下:(1)黑龙江省城镇等级、城镇规模特征及其相互关系。黑龙江省城镇等级由高到低依次为省会、地级、县级、镇级的4个城镇等级,各等级城镇呈现1,12,64,399的数量序列,对其修正后为1,8,68,399,较为接近中心地理论中7的行政原则等级结构。黑龙江省城镇的规模分布符合位序-规模分布法则,分维值D 1,说明城镇体系均衡度较弱,大城市用地规模较大,而中、小城镇规模发展较慢。随着城镇等级的提升,等级高的个体城镇具有普遍的规模优势,镇、县级、地级、省会城镇的平均规模比例为1:6:25:162,但对比等级内城镇总规模占全省城镇用地面积比例,发现县级城镇与镇级城镇面积之和的比例为52.57%,大于省会、地级城镇的城镇用地面积总和。(2)城镇等级、城镇功能分布特征及其相互关系。随着城镇等级由省会、地级市、县级市、县(自治县)、镇(民族镇)逐渐降低,平均地类数量分布逐渐减少依次为32个、25个、23个、22个、15个,城镇功能的完善程度逐渐降低。用地类型的在各等级城镇内的分布频率分析发现,低等级城镇所具备的功能,高等级城镇多在其基础上进一步完善,而高等级城镇所缺少的功能,亦为低等级城镇所缺少的功能。(3)城镇规模、城镇功能的相互关系。随着城镇规模的提升用地数量分布逐渐增加,数量分布区间也较为集中,小规模城镇地类分布区间较宽,如100公顷以下的城镇用地类型数量范围为2-25个,而1500公顷以上城镇的地类数量集中分布于20-32个区间。商业用地、工业用地、仓储用地、公园与绿地实现高频分布时城镇的最小规模限定,既“最低门槛”依次为140、70、80、190公顷。(4)城镇功能组合模式的划分及其空间分布特征。按照二级土地利用类型出现的频率与组合模式的差异,可以将黑龙江省的城镇划分为基础功能城镇、多功能城镇和综合功能城镇。县(自治县)、县级市、地级市、省会的中心城镇均作为综合城镇。镇(民族镇)的基础功能城镇、多功能城镇和综合功能城镇占城镇总数比例依次为55.09%、34.74%、10.17%。城镇的数量分布呈现南多北少、西多东少的分布趋势,空间分布上东北地区以多功能城镇为区域最主要城镇类型、西北部地区综合城镇比例较高、东南部地区的基础城镇比例高于其他地区。(5)推动新型城镇化建设的建议。针对城镇等级、规模与功能的关系分析所发现的城镇建设的局限性与问题所在,建议协调城镇体系的规模分布,加强中、小城镇建设,明确城镇发展定位与协调区域分工,逐渐完善各等级城镇的功能建设,推动区域城镇体系的协调发展。
[Abstract]:Land use and urbanization is an important part of urbanization, urban land use scale, the number of types directly affects the level and function of the town, affects the quality of urbanization, sustainable development and sustainable utilization of regional land resources. In the urbanization process, urban land expansion is directly performance of urban development, urban grade is the promotion of urban construction achievements, improve the urban functions and diversified development is an important goal of urban construction. The urban scale, level, function of the three are closely related, and can be used as a measure of urbanization. Urban scale, grade, related research function is land resource management, an important research content of city geography, are the focus of attention of scholars at home and abroad. Because of the development of the cities and towns affected by natural resources, geographical environment, policy orientation Many factors, development stage, so in different areas of urban development has its own characteristics. The construction of cities and towns in Heilongjiang Province in the early days ahead of the national level, but the level of urbanization after the reform and opening up is lagging behind, with the national strategy of revitalizing the northeast old industrial base to further promote, will further promote the development of regional urbanization. At the same time, Heilongjiang Province as the northeast old industrial base, the national grain production bases and the development of modern agriculture and animal husbandry base, pay attention to the rational use of land resources, the protection of arable land resources for the protection of national food security is of strategic significance. Therefore, it is necessary to the perspective of land use for the current development of urbanization in Heilongjiang Province Based on the analysis, and aiming at the deficiency of urbanization performance in the construction of countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in order to continue to promote regional development of urbanization. This study takes Heilongjiang Province as the study area, Urban land survey data of urban land use based on the integrated use of quantitative analysis, spatial analysis, statistical analysis and so on many kinds of research methods, the mutual influence of town level and scale, relation and function, scale and function, urban spatial distribution characteristics of different functional modes are analyzed, the main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) Heilongjiang Province town level, urban scale characteristics and their mutual relations. Heilongjiang province cities rank from high to low is the capital level, county level, township level 4 towns, each town grade is the number of sequences 1,12,64399, the modified 1,8,68399 is close to the principle of administrative hierarchy 7 the theory of the center. The size distribution of cities and towns in Heilongjiang province with the law of rank size distribution, fractal dimension value of D 1, indicating weak equilibrium degree of urban system, city land in large scale, and in the town The scale of town development is slow. As the town level increases, the high level of individual towns have scale advantages, town, county, prefecture level, the average ratio of the size of the capital town of 1:6:25:162, but the contrast level of the total size of towns accounted for the province's urban land area ratio, County town and town found urban area and the proportion of 52.57%, greater than the capital level, the urban area of urban land. (2) the sum of urban grade, the urban function distribution and its relationship with urban grade. By the provincial, prefecture level cities, county-level city and county (Autonomous County), town (national town) gradually decreased, the average number of class distribution were gradually reduced 32, 25, 23, 22, 15, the degree of perfection of urban functions gradually decreased. The frequency distribution of land types in each grade in town analysis found that low level town has the function of high grade, many cities and towns on the basis of its A perfect and high grade, the lack of urban functions, is also a lower level town lack of function. (3) the relationship between urban scale and urban functions. With the increase of scale urban land quantity distribution increased gradually. The interval number distribution is relatively concentrated, small scale urban land distribution range is wide. Such as 100 hectares of urban land use types the number range of 2-25, while the number of more than 1500 hectares of land are concentrated in the town of 20-32. A range of commercial land, industrial land, land for storage, most small parks and green space to achieve high frequency distribution of urban limit, both "minimum threshold" as follows 140,70,80190 ha. (4) classification and spatial distribution characteristics of urban function combination model. According to the differences of the two land use types and frequency combination mode of Heilongjiang Province, can be divided into basic functions of urban towns, multi function The comprehensive function of towns and towns. County (Autonomous County), county-level city, prefecture level city, capital of the town center as a comprehensive town. The town (national town) the basic function of towns, towns and urban comprehensive function of multi function accounted for the proportion of the total number of towns were 55.09%, 34.74%, 10.17%. the number of cities and towns distribution in the South than in the north, the distribution trend of more small, northeast area spatial distribution to multi function for the main urban area of urban type, comprehensive town northwest high proportion, Southeast Area Based Urban proportion higher than in other regions. (5) to promote the construction of new urbanization. In view of the town level, the limitations and problems of urban construction analysis of the relationship between the size and function of the discovery, the size distribution of urban system, strengthen the coordination of suggestions in the construction of small towns, clear urban development orientation and coordination of regional division of labor, gradually improve the level of Urbanization The function construction will promote the coordinated development of the regional urban system.

【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.2;F299.21

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