三江平原典型流域土地利用格局变化与空间分异研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 20:37

本文关键词：三江平原典型流域土地利用格局变化与空间分异研究　出处：《农业机械学报》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：以遥感和DEM数据为基本信息源,基于网格采样研究方法,利用动态度模型分析土地利用空间异质性规律,并从集水小区角度出发研究土地利用空间自相关格局。结果表明:挠力河流域土地利用变化呈现明显的阶段性,1990—2002年耕地面积增幅最大,且以水田增加为主,2002—2014年整体面积变化趋于缓和;1990—2002年土地利用变化剧烈程度显著强于2002—2014年,前后以趋缓为主,加剧区域较少;流域不同方向上动态度均具有较好的拟合趋势,不同时间段拟合趋势差异大,但基本保持东北方向变化剧烈程度强于西南方向的态势;1990—2002年,各集水小区动态度呈现明显的高-高型和低-低型集聚趋势,空间自相关关系显著,2002—2014年,高-高型数量显著减少,且多为旱地水田化发生区,动态度集聚性变差,差异逐渐趋于缓和,未来应根据集水小区的空间自相关格局进行土地利用开发管理,应重点关注高-高型土地利用问题,适当挖掘低-低型开发潜力,对高-低型进行开发控制,对低-高型进行重点开发引导。
[Abstract]:Taking remote sensing and DEM data as the basic information source, the spatial heterogeneity of land use was analyzed by using dynamic degree model based on grid sampling method. The spatial autocorrelation pattern of land use was studied from the point of view of water catchment area. The results showed that the land use change in Niao Lihe River basin was the largest increase in cultivated land area from 1990 to 2002. And the total area change of paddy field increased mainly from 2002 to 2014 tended to moderate; From 1990 to 2002, the intensity of land use change was significantly stronger than that of 2002-2014. The dynamic degree of river basin has a good fitting trend in different directions, but the trend of different time periods is different, but the trend of northeast direction change is stronger than that of southwest direction. From 1990 to 2002, the dynamic degree of each catchment community showed a tendency of high high and low low type agglomeration, and the spatial autocorrelation was significant from 2002 to 2014, and the number of high and high type decreased significantly. And most of the dryland paddy fields occurred areas, the dynamic degree of agglomeration became worse, the differences tended to ease gradually, the future should be based on the spatial autocorrelation pattern of water catchment area land use development management. Attention should be paid to the problem of high-high type land use, the potential of low-low type exploitation should be properly exploited, the development control of high-low type should be carried out, and the key development guidance of low-high type should be carried out.
【作者单位】：东北大学土地管理研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41671520)
【分类号】：F301.2
【正文快照】： 引言以CO2浓度、地表温度升高和降水时空异质性增大为主要特征的全球气候变化对农业生产和农业生态系统造成了深刻的影响,这种影响对我国北方旱区农业表现尤其显著[1]。三江平原地处中高纬度和欧亚大陆东端,增温幅度高于全球同期水平,年降水量呈略减小趋势[2],特别是20世纪90

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