长沙市莲花镇土地利用变化对生态系统服务功能的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 23:24

本文关键词：长沙市莲花镇土地利用变化对生态系统服务功能的影响研究　出处：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人类社会与科学研究领域的共同发展,人类逐渐意识到生态环境与社会进步联系紧密,平衡经济发展、环境保护与人类进步三者的关系以保证我国的可持续发展是未来研究的重点方向。土地利用方式是否合理直接影响到生态环境的好坏,本文以长沙市岳麓区莲花镇为研究对象。分析了研究区的土地利用变化、生态系统服务价值变化情况以及二者的相关关系。并根据研究区各行政村土地生态质量的优劣程度不同,对其进行等级划分,提出合理的土地利用结构调整建议,以期为研究区的可持续发展提供理论依据。研究结果表明：(1)研究区林地、水域、草地和未利用地属于原生生态用地,耕地和园地属于半人工生态用地,水利设施用地以及草地中的绿化用地属于人工生态用地,建设用地属于非生态用地。(2)研究期间耕地、园地、未利用地面积减少,未利用地减少速度最快；林地、水域及水利设施用地、建设用地面积增加,建设用地增长速度最快。(3)2003-2013年,莲花镇的生态系统服务总价值呈现出持续减少的趋势,共减少了1363.9万元,其中水源涵养服务功能的价值量减少最快；五村开展“土地综合整理”项目后导致研究区总ESV(生态系统服务价值)下降,桐木村是导致这一变化的热点区域。(4)通过变差贡献率分析得到,林地、水域和水利设施用地面积的变化趋势与研究区总ESV的变化趋势相反,对维持研究区生态系统的健康做正贡献,同理耕地、园地、建设用地和未利用地做负贡献；通过灰色关联度分析,得到建设用地和林地面积的变化对研究区总ESV的变化影响最为强烈。(5)运用SPSS软件对不同土地类型面积的相互转化进行相关性分析得到,研究区的土地利用方式逐渐由以耕地为主向以经济用地为主转变；运用SPSS软件对影响研究区生态系统服务价值的13个社会经济指标进行主成分提取,将其归纳为三大类,即经济因子、人口因子和城市化因子。社会经济因子值越高,生态系统服务价值越低,说明研究区社会经济的快速发展是以牺牲生态环境为代价的。(6)采用总分频率曲线法将研究区的17个行政村根据其土地生态质量水平不同,分为四个等级,即土地生态质量良好区、土地生态质量较好区、土地生态质量一般区和土地生态质量较差区。
[Abstract]:With the common development of human society and the field of scientific research, people gradually realized that ecological environment and social progress closely, balanced economic development, the relationship between environmental protection and human progress of the three in order to ensure the sustainable development of our country is one of the key research directions in the future. Land use is reasonable or not directly affects the quality of the ecological environment in this paper. In the lotus town of Yuelu District city as the research object. Changsha analysis of land use change in the study area. The correlation between the changes of ecosystem service value and the two. And according to the extent of the study area of each administrative village land ecological quality is different, its classification, the adjustment of land use structure of reasonable proposals to provide a theoretical basis for the sustainable development of the study area. The results show that: (1) the study area waters, forest land, grassland and unused land belonging to the original ecological use Land, farmland and garden is a semi artificial ecological land, water conservancy facilities land and grassland in the green land belongs to artificial ecological land, construction land belongs to the non ecological land. (2) during the study period, the garden land and unused land decreased, unused land decreased fastest; forest land with the increase of water and water conservancy facilities, construction land area, construction land is the fastest growth. (3) 2003-2013 years, ecosystem services value of lotus town showed a decreasing trend, a total reduction of 13 million 639 thousand yuan, of which the value of water conservation function to reduce the fastest five village to carry out land; comprehensive consolidation "project resulted in the total ESV study area (ecosystem service value) decreased, Paulownia village is a hotspot that led to this change. (4) through the analysis of the contribution rate of variation, woodland, and the change trend of the study area by area waters and water conservancy facilities The general trend of ESV on the contrary, for the maintenance of ecosystem health in the study area are similarly contribution, cultivated land, garden land and unused land have negative contribution to construction; through grey correlation analysis, get the construction of the total ESV of the study area change of land and forest land area is most intense. (5) using SPSS software on the mutual transformation of different types of land area by correlation analysis, the study area land use the cultivated land to economic land change; by using SPSS software to affect the value of ecosystem services in the study area of the 13 Social and economic indicators of principal component extraction, which can be classified into three that is, economic factor, population factor and factor of city social economic factors. The higher the value, the value of ecosystem services is lower, that of the rapid development of social economy is sacrificing ecological environment (6) using the total score frequency curve method, 17 administrative villages in the study area were divided into four levels according to their land ecological quality level, namely, the good land ecological quality area, the better land ecological quality area, the general land ecological quality area and the poor land ecological quality area.

【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X826;F301.2

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