我国农民土地权益缺失的制度缺陷研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 11:11

本文关键词：我国农民土地权益缺失的制度缺陷研究　出处：《四川师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：土地是农业生产最基本和不可替代的生产资料,是农民维持生计的基本保障,也是人类社会赖以生存与发展不可或缺的物质基础。然而,在我国特有的城乡二元土地产权结构下,农民的土地权益并没有得到有效的保障,土地权益缺失成为不可争辩的事实。土地权益是农民所有权益中最根本的权益,建立农民土地权益有效保障机制,解决农民土地权益受损问题,不仅是社会经济发展必然要求,也是全面建设小康社会的战略需求。本文认为,农民土地权益缺失的根本原因在于城乡二元结构下的农村土地制度缺陷。切实保障农民土地权益,不仅有利于巩固农民在土地经营中的地位、拉动内需、稳定农业产出进而保障粮食安全,同时也是社会公正的客观要求。笔者在对新中国成立以来我国土地制度变迁与农民土地权益进行历史性梳理中得出,不管是在农地征收还是农地使用权流转过程中,农民土地权益都严重缺失。权益缺失的根本原因在于,现行农地制度下存在土地集体所有制产权安排不科学、农地征收制度不合理、集体土地征收程序不规范、土地使用权流转制度不合理等制度性缺陷。切实保障农民土地权益,要从改革现有农村集体土地所有权、土地征收、农村土地流转和深化改革农村土地管理等相关制度入手,在立足于现行基本农地制度条件下,走长期的、改革的、新农村建设的道路,破除“城乡二元土地产权结构”给农民土地权益带来的损害。在未来的土地制度变迁中,必须明确、公正的体现农民的土地权益,让农民公平的分享现代化成果,使农村继续成为推进工业化和城镇化的中坚力量。
[Abstract]:Land is the most basic and irreplaceable means of production in agricultural production. It is the basic guarantee for farmers to maintain their livelihood, and it is also an indispensable material basis for the survival and development of human society. Under the unique urban-rural dual structure of land property rights, farmers' land rights and interests have not been effectively protected. The lack of land rights and interests has become an indisputable fact. Land rights and interests are the most fundamental rights and interests of all farmers, to establish an effective protection mechanism for farmers' land rights and interests, to solve the problem of damage to farmers' land rights and interests. It is not only the inevitable requirement of social and economic development, but also the strategic demand of building a well-off society in an all-round way. The fundamental reason for the loss of farmers' land rights and interests lies in the defects of the rural land system under the dual structure of urban and rural areas. Effectively protecting the farmers' land rights and interests is not only conducive to consolidating the position of farmers in land management and stimulating domestic demand. It is also an objective requirement of social justice to stabilize agricultural output and ensure food security. The author has made a historical analysis of the land system changes and farmers' land rights and interests since the founding of New China. Whether in the process of farmland expropriation or land use right transfer, farmers' land rights and interests are seriously missing. The fundamental reason for the lack of rights and interests lies in the unscientific arrangement of land collective ownership property rights under the current agricultural land system. The system of agricultural land expropriation is unreasonable, the procedure of collective land expropriation is not standardized, the system of land use right is unreasonable, and so on. To ensure the farmers' land rights and interests, we should reform the existing rural collective land ownership. Land expropriation, rural land circulation and deepening the reform of rural land management and other related systems, based on the current basic farmland system conditions, take a long-term, reform, new rural construction road. In the future, it is necessary to clearly and fairly reflect the farmers' land rights and interests in the future land system changes. Let farmers share the fruits of modernization equitably, so that rural areas will continue to be the backbone of industrialization and urbanization.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F321.1

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