基于草原生态建设的牧户满意度分析——以甘南草原为例

发布时间：2018-01-05 02:37

本文关键词：基于草原生态建设的牧户满意度分析——以甘南草原为例　出处：《农业技术经济》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：本文从牧户的满意度视角出发,利用甘南牧区236户牧民的微观数据,将牧户生计变量作为中介变量,引入"牧户对草原生态保护政策理解"、"牧户对草原生态保护认知"两类潜变量,对牧户满意度进行测度。模型结果显示,牧户对草原生态建设的总体态度较为满意。但是,两类潜变量因素都没有在模型中较好的凸显直接作用,而必须通过牧户生计灵活性变量才能体现。该结果说明,尽管牧民对生态建设(工程或政策)的心理意愿较重要,但是在政策实施中执行力发挥了不可替代的作用,因此,牧户的生计选择作为中介变量对草原生态建设起到了较大的推动作用。总体来看,草原生态建设实施后,牧民的生活方式确实受到较大影响,但是,放牧依然是牧民生计的主要手段,生态保护的意愿若要上升为主观行动仍有较大差距。目前,奖补政策在我国甘南牧区已经全部覆盖,政府对草原生态保护应该给予更多的宣传和引导,使草原受益主体充分认识到工程建设的重要性,同时培育牧户替代生计新方式,将意愿转化为行动才能真正实现草原生态建设的可持续。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of pastoral satisfaction, using the micro data of 236 herdsmen in Gannan pastoral area, this paper introduces the herdsmen's understanding of grassland ecological protection policy by taking the livelihood variables of herdsmen as intermediary variables. The result of the model shows that the general attitude of herdsmen towards grassland ecological construction is more satisfied. However, there are two kinds of latent variables of herdsmen's cognition of grassland ecological protection. However, the results of the model show that the herdsmen are satisfied with the ecological construction of grassland. The two types of latent variables do not play a better role in the model, but must be reflected by the flexible variables of pastoral livelihood. Although the psychological will of herdsmen to ecological construction (engineering or policy) is more important, it plays an irreplaceable role in the implementation of policies. Pastoral livelihood choice as an intermediary variable has played a greater role in promoting grassland ecological construction. In general, after the implementation of grassland ecological construction, herdsmen's lifestyle has been greatly affected, but. Grazing is still the main means of livelihood of herdsmen, and there is still a big gap between the willingness of ecological protection and subjective action. At present, the policy of reward and compensation has been completely covered in the pastoral areas of Gannan in China. The government should give more publicity and guidance to grassland ecological protection, so that the main body of grassland benefit fully realize the importance of engineering construction, and foster pastoral alternative livelihood new way. Only by translating will into action can the grassland ecological construction be truly sustainable.
【作者单位】：国家林业局经济发展研究中心;中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“应对牧区草场退化的补偿机制研究”(编号:71173221) 中国农业科学院科技创新工程“农业资源环境经济与政策项目”(编号:ASTIP-IAED-2015-07)
【分类号】：F326.3
【正文快照】： 一、引言继“退牧还草”工程后,我国于2011年实施了草原生态奖补政策,该政策与前期工程共同对草原治理发挥巨大作用。草原治理主要原因在于草地“三化”现象严重,通过治理,生态效果显著,但是,由于草原保护强调对环境正外部性的凸显,不可避免的存在与牧户经济利益相悖的方面,

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