农作物秸秆综合利用:国外经验与中国对策

发布时间：2018-01-09 09:38

本文关键词：农作物秸秆综合利用:国外经验与中国对策　出处：《世界农业》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：国外农作物秸秆综合利用已有近百年的历史,秸秆综合利用的手段和方式相对成熟。对秸秆综合利用国际趋势的系统总结发现,秸秆的机械化加工、产业化利用,综合利用的多元投资、政府扶持等方面,国外有较为成熟的经验可资借鉴。这些方面也是中国农作物秸秆综合利用与国外发达国家的差距所在。对比国际经验,首先对中国农作物秸秆资源量进行了量化测定,并对中国农作物秸秆综合利用状况进行了系统分析,在此基础上,从秸秆资源的循环利用、产业链的延伸、体制创新、技术推广等方面提出了中国秸秆综合利用的对策思路。
[Abstract]:The comprehensive utilization of straw has been used for nearly 100 years abroad, and the means and methods of comprehensive utilization of straw are relatively mature. The systematic summary of the international trend of comprehensive utilization of straw shows that the mechanization of straw processing. Industrial utilization, comprehensive utilization of multiple investments, government support and other aspects. Foreign countries have more mature experience for reference. These aspects are also the gap between the comprehensive utilization of Chinese crop straw and foreign developed countries. First of all, the amount of crop straw resources in China has been quantitatively measured, and the comprehensive utilization of crop straw in China has been systematically analyzed. On this basis, the recycling of straw resources and the extension of industrial chain have been carried out. This paper puts forward the countermeasures of comprehensive utilization of straw in China from the aspects of system innovation and technical popularization.
【作者单位】：吉林农业大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：吉林省社会科学基金项目“吉林省粮食生产竞争力提升的资源要素优化利用研究”(2016B57)、“吉林省农业土地利用生态保护对策研究”(2014B176) 长春市科技局项目“长春市农地生态保护体系构建及其可持续利用研究”(2014259)
【分类号】：F313;F323.214
【正文快照】： 中国是粮食生产大国,也是秸秆资源大国,2015年中国主要农作物秸秆理论资源量为10.4亿t,可收集资源量为9.0亿t。但是,受传统农业生产方式、农村居民消费观念和生活方式、农村能源事业发展的影响,中国每年有超过2亿t的秸秆被遗弃或就地焚烧,不仅对秸秆资源造成严重浪费,污染大气

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