中国城乡二元结构的生成、发展与消亡的农业伦理学诠释

发布时间：2018-01-10 17:01

本文关键词：中国城乡二元结构的生成、发展与消亡的农业伦理学诠释　出处：《中国农史》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：城市和乡村之间的区别全世界概莫能外。但城乡二元结构和在此基础上形成的伦理观,则为中华民族所独有。中华族群由游牧社会的草地农业发展为耕地农业之时,城廓也相偕发生。贵族和为贵族服务的人群居城廓,从事耕作的农业劳动者居乡野村落。随着社会的发展,城廓逐步发展为城市,相对于乡村出现日益明显的差别。前者为社会管理、资源占有和分配中枢,后者则拱卫城市安全,生产农耕产品,并为城市提供生存资料,形成中国特色的城乡二元结构,并在城乡两者之间自然衍发与之相适应的伦理系统。在中华民族数千年的发展过程中曾出现过不同的历史阶段和与之相应的伦理观,但城乡二元结构的本质却不曾改变,并使两者的分野日益明显,逐渐固化为城乡二元结构。这一结构雄踞传统农耕社会的文化伦理高地,影响深远。为更好地理解这一独特社会结构及其历史影响,我们有必要探索其生成、发展与消亡进程,明晰其历史功过,为创建新时期的农业伦理观提供参照。
[Abstract]:The distinction between cities and villages is universal. But the dual structure of urban and rural areas and the ethical concept formed on this basis. It is unique to the Chinese nation. When the Chinese ethnic group developed from nomadic grassland agriculture to cultivated land agriculture, the city profile also happened together. The aristocrats and the people who served for the aristocrats lived in the city. Farming workers live in rural villages. With the development of society, the city profile has gradually developed into a city, relative to the rural areas there are increasingly obvious differences. The former is social management, resource possession and distribution center. The latter is Gongwei City Safety, produce agricultural products, and provide survival materials for the city, forming a dual structure of urban and rural areas with Chinese characteristics. In the process of the development of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, there have been different historical stages and corresponding ethical views. However, the essence of the urban-rural dual structure has not changed, and the distinction between the two has become increasingly obvious, gradually solidifying into the urban-rural dual structure, which dominates the cultural and ethical highlands of the traditional farming society. In order to better understand this unique social structure and its historical influence, it is necessary for us to explore the process of its formation, development and extinction, clarify its historical merits and demerits, and provide a reference for the establishment of agricultural ethics in the new period.
【作者单位】：兰州大学草地农业科技学院草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室;兰州大学哲学社会学院;
【基金】：2016年国家社科基金西部项目——生态文明战略视域中的“中国农业伦理学”研究(16XZX013)
【分类号】：F299.2;F320
【正文快照】： 一、引言城乡二元结构之主要特点为城市居民与乡村居民身份与权益的划然分割。乡村居民与其居留的土地凝聚为一体,其农民身份与居留地世代沿袭,不得随意迁徙和变更农民身份。城乡二元结构原为中华族群从游牧农业社会向耕地农业社会转变过程中自然形成的社会共生体,为历史的

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