四川民族地区集中连片特困区搬迁扶贫研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 15:31

本文关键词：四川民族地区集中连片特困区搬迁扶贫研究　出处：《四川省社会科学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放30年以来,搬迁扶贫作为我国重要的扶贫开发模式,不同地区在实践过程中取得了差异性的成效,有成功的经验,也有失败的教训。而对四川民族地区来说,目前的搬迁扶贫形势依然严峻。因此,对四川民族地区搬迁扶贫情况进行深入的评估,总结其经验和教训,更好的发挥搬迁扶贫模式在四川民族地区集中实现扶贫攻坚的目标,进而推进四川全省和全国同步全面建设小康社会具有重大的理论和现实意义。起止2014年底,四川省集中连片贫困县共有88个,其中61.4%分布在甘孜州、阿坝州、凉山州等少数民族地区,所以,民族地区是全省扶贫攻坚的主战场——硬骨头,是在全面建设小康社会阶段必须完成的重大历史任务。自2001年,四川省民族地区的搬迁扶贫与藏区牧民定居行动、大小凉山综合扶贫开发、阿坝州大骨节病综合防治、巩固退耕还林成果生态移民,以及促进秦巴山区、革命老区加快发展等重大民生工程相结合,因地制宜推进民族地区搬迁扶贫,取得了明显的成效。然而,与其他贫困地区相比,民族地区由于自然环境、地理位置、历史文化等因素使其扶贫攻坚任务更加艰巨,特别是这些地区都处于生态安全的关键区域,面临着经济发展和环境保护的双重任务。因此,为实现经济发展与环境保护的协调推进,四川很早就把搬迁扶贫作为扶贫开发的重要模式来应用和推广,这是民族地区扶贫开发的现实需求,也是实现扶贫攻坚的必然选择。所以,在今后的扶贫攻坚、全面建设小康社会当中,需要更好的总结推广之前积累的经验,健全和完善搬迁扶贫的模式。本研究认为,四川民族地区扶贫攻坚仍然面临着新的挑战:一是按照全省的扶贫开发战略,四川民族地区扶贫开发的难度越来越大,许多脱贫制约因素已经不是区(县)级单位所能解决的;二是致贫因素复杂、返贫率高使得搬迁扶贫模式效益递减。三是民族贫困地区增收缓慢,相对贫困不断扩大。民族贫困地区市场发育和基础设施建设严重滞后于扶贫开发的需要,影响后续产业的发展,农民增收缓慢。四是扶贫不精准,没有建立相应的精准扶贫机制。由于扶贫政策的不完善,搬迁补助资金不足,资金补助没有形成差异化,使得缺乏资金配套的贫困户无法实现搬迁,出现“扶富不扶贫”、“搬富不搬穷”的状况;五是搬迁扶贫还面临着一些政策的制约,土地政策、财政管理体制、户籍制度和社会化保障等政策配套不足。以上情况都迫切需求创新搬迁扶贫模式来破解。因此,本研究认为今后的搬迁扶贫要特别注重以下几方面问题:在搬迁扶贫模式上,将扶贫开发与城镇化发展紧密结合,推进城镇化无土搬迁模式的实施。搬迁扶贫模式要与生态环境保护、新农村建设相结合,实现扶贫开发与生态保护双赢的目标;在扶贫瞄准机制上,要精准识别贫困对象,针对贫困人口的具体贫困原因实施精准帮扶,提高扶贫效率;在扶贫资金上,探索分级分层多元的搬迁扶贫资金投入机制,不但要进行各部门、各项目之间的资金整合,还要积极引导社会资金的投入;在扶贫项目发展上,要根据贫困地区、贫困人口的具体情况进行实施,更多向贫困人口倾斜,提高扶贫精度。同时,要积极创新搬迁群众的参与机制,提高搬迁对象的主体作用。
[Abstract]:30 years since the reform and opening up, the relocation of poverty as an important model of poverty alleviation and development in our country, different regions have different effects in the process of practice, have successful experience, but also failures. But in Sichuan ethnic areas, the relocation of poverty situation is still grim. Therefore, in-depth assessment of the relocation poverty in ethnic areas of Sichuan, summarize its experience and lessons, better play mode and realize the relocation of poverty poverty alleviation goals in Sichuan ethnic areas, and promote the development of great theoretical and practical significance in Sichuan province and the national synchronized well-off society. Since the end of 2014, Sichuan province has 88 poverty-stricken counties. Of which 61.4% are located in Ganzi, ABA, Liangshan and other ethnic minority areas, therefore, the province's poverty alleviation in minority areas is the main battlefield of bones, is in the comprehensive construction well-off The major historical task of social stage must be completed. Since 2001, the ethnic areas in Sichuan province of the relocation of poverty and Tibetan herdsmen, the size of Liangshan comprehensive poverty alleviation and development, the ABA Kaschin Beck disease comprehensive prevention and control, consolidating the results of returning farmland to forest ecological migration, and promote the Qinba mountain area, the old revolutionary base areas to accelerate the development of major livelihood projects combined according to local conditions to promote the relocation of poverty in ethnic minority areas, and achieved remarkable results. However, compared with other poor areas, ethnic minority areas due to the natural environment, geographical location, cultural factors such as history of the poverty alleviation task more difficult, especially in these areas are in the key areas of ecological security, confronted with the dual task of economic development and environmental protection. Therefore, to promote the coordination of economic development and environmental protection, Sichuan very early to the relocation of poverty as an important mode of poverty alleviation and development application This is the reality of demand and promotion, poverty alleviation and development in minority areas, is also the inevitable choice to achieve poverty alleviation. So, in the future of poverty alleviation, the well-off society, to summarize and popularize better prior to the accumulation of experience, improve and perfect the relocation of poverty alleviation mode. This study suggests that poverty alleviation in Sichuan ethnic areas still facing new challenges: one is in accordance with the province's poverty alleviation strategy, poverty alleviation and development of Sichuan ethnic areas is more and more difficult, many factors have not poverty district (county) level units can be resolved; two is the cause of poverty is complex, high rate of poverty makes the relocation of poverty alleviation mode benefit decline. Three is the slow increase of national poverty, relative poverty continues to expand. Minority poverty area market development and infrastructure construction is seriously lagging behind in poverty alleviation and development, follow-up industry development, farmers' Income Slowly The four is slow. Poverty is not accurate, did not establish corresponding mechanism. Due to the precise poverty poverty alleviation policy is not perfect, the relocation grants funded, funding has not formed the difference, the lack of funds supporting the poor households cannot move, "helping the rich not poor", "move the rich not to move the poor" situation; the five is the relocation of poverty is also facing some policy constraints, land policy, financial management system, the household registration system and social security policy deficiencies. All the urgent needs of innovation mode to solve the relocation of poverty. Therefore, this study identified for future relocation of poverty alleviation should pay special attention to the following aspects: in the relocation of poverty alleviation mode on poverty alleviation and development of urban development closely, promote the implementation of the urbanization mode. To move without soil and ecological environment protection in the relocation of poverty model, combined with the new rural construction, implementation of poverty alleviation and development With the goal of win-win ecological protection; in poverty alleviation aiming mechanism, to accurately identify the object of poverty, the implementation of precise helping specific causes of poverty poverty, improve the efficiency of poverty alleviation; in the poverty alleviation funds, explore the classification mechanism of poverty alleviation funds move hierarchical multiple, but not to all departments, financial integration between the various projects. To actively guide social capital investment; in the poverty alleviation project development, according to the specific situation in poor areas, poor implementation, more inclined to the poor, poverty alleviation and improve precision. At the same time, to participate in the mechanism of positive innovation to move the masses, improve the main role of relocation of the object.

【学位授予单位】：四川省社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.8

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