基于DEA模型的山东省农用地利用效率研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 13:14

本文关键词：基于DEA模型的山东省农用地利用效率研究　出处：《曲阜师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：土地、资本和劳动力是生产过程中的三大基本要素,如何合理配置各生产要素来提高生产效率是经济学研究的重点之一。经济增长有两种基本方式:一是增加要素投入量;二是提高要素的利用效率。山东省正处于快速城市化和工业化进程中,协调好经济发展与农地保护之间的矛盾是实现社会经济可持续发展的重要基础。随着农地非农化趋势日益加强,提高土地资源的生产效率成为农地保护的关键因素。土地利用效率与区域自然条件和生产要素投入量关系密切,由一个多投入、多产出系统构成,一般是通过对多种投入与多种产出进行比较,并结合其综合效率来评判。本文首先阐述了研究背景、目的和意义,并对国内外关于农地利用效率的研究状况进行了综述。其次介绍了理论基础、界定了相关概念、阐述了模型方法。主体部分通过构建土地利用效率评价体系,运用BC2-DEA模型、超效率DEA模型及Malm-quist指数模型对山东省17地市农用地进行了比较静态和动态变化的实证分析,并做了空间分异分析;然后运用Tobit-DEA模型对影响农地利用效率的因素进行回归分析。结果表明:从总体上看:①山东省农用地利用综合效率偏低,规模效率(0.960)高于纯技术效率(0.857)。②农用地利用效率非有效地市普遍存在农民家庭人均纯收入产出不足的问题。③农用地利用效率有效地区农地利用尚有很大潜力,需加大对各资源要素的合理投入,挖掘农地利用潜力,实现土地利用最大化。从空间上看:①2000-2012年,农用地利用效率有效地区空间格局发生明显变化(图4-1)。②农用地利用效率地区差异明显,山东省西部和南部地区(滨州、德州、聊城、菏泽、济宁、枣庄、临沂)为农用地利用综合效率较低地区。从变动趋势上看:山东省农用地Malm-quist全要素生产率指数整体增长较快,波动较强,地区差异不显著。2000-2012年,山东省农用地Malm-quist全要素生产率指数年均增长率达3.4%,整体上可分为三个阶段,迅速上升-波动下降-缓慢回升,其中2004和2010年达到两个峰值。从农用地Malm-quist全要素生产率指数增长的结构来看,13年中全省农用地Malm-quist全要素生产率指数的增长属于技术诱导型,即主要源自于技术进步的影响,而非技术效率的增长,技术进步在山东省农用地利用中的贡献呈增强趋势。山东省17地市农用地利用的年平均全要素生产率的增长率几乎均大于1(日照除外),而且技术进步与技术创新是促进各地市农用地利用TFP提高的决定性因素。从影响因素上看,社会因素较自然因素能够更大程度地影响山东省农用地利用效率。通过对影响农用地利用效率的几种因素进行分析,我们发现,人均GDP、劳动力文化素质与农地利用效率正相关;山东省人均播种面积对山东省农用地利用效率有显著负向影响,政策、农产品价格等变量对于山东省农用地利用效率的负影响稍弱,而受灾面积对农地利用效率影响微弱,回归结果通过了显著性检验、异方差有效性检验等。最后,概括了本文主要的研究结果,并提出了对策建议。
[Abstract]:Land, capital and labor are the three basic elements of the production process, how rational allocation of production factors to improve production efficiency is the focus of the study of economics. Economic growth has two basic ways: one is to increase the inputs; two is to improve the efficiency of the elements. Shandong province is in the rapid City and in the process of industrialization, the contradiction between economic development and coordination of farmland protection is an important foundation to realize sustainable economic and social development. With the increasing trend of farmland conversion, improve the productive efficiency of land resources become the key factor of the farmland protection. The efficiency of land use and regional natural conditions and production inputs are closely related, by a multi input multi output system, which, generally through the comparison of several input and multiple output, combined with the comprehensive efficiency evaluation. This paper first describes the research The background, purpose and significance, and the domestic and foreign research status on the efficiency of agricultural land use are reviewed. Then introduced the theoretical basis, defines the related concepts, this paper expounds the model method. The main part of the construction land use efficiency evaluation system, using the BC2-DEA model, the super efficiency DEA model and Malm-quist index model to conduct the empirical analysis comparison of static and dynamic changes of the agricultural land of 17 cities in Shandong Province, and the spatial analysis; then using Tobit-DEA regression analysis on the factors affecting the efficiency of land use. The results showed that from the overall perspective: agricultural land in Shandong Province comprehensive utilization efficiency is low, the scale efficiency (0.960) was higher than that of the pure technology efficiency (0.857). The farmland use efficiency effectively, non universal output per capita net income of rural household is insufficient. The farmland use efficiency effectively farmland utilization There is a great potential, need to increase the reasonable input elements of the resources, mining potential of farmland utilization, realize the maximization of land use. From the perspective of space: 2000-2012 years, significant changes in the spatial pattern of regional agricultural land use efficiency (Figure 4-1). The efficiency of using the significant regional differences of agricultural land, and in the west of Shandong Province Southern Region (Binzhou, Dezhou, Liaocheng, Heze, Jining, Zaozhuang, Linyi) for agricultural land comprehensive utilization of low efficiency area. From the trend on agricultural land in Shandong province Malm-quist total factor productivity index of overall growth is relatively fast, strong fluctuations, no significant difference in.2000-2012 area, agricultural land of Shandong province Malm-quist factor productivity index average annual growth rate of 3.4%, on the whole can be divided into three stages, rapid rise in volatility decline slow rise, of which 2004 and 2010 reached two peak. From the agricultural land Malm-quist total factor production The structure of index growth, 13 years in the province's agricultural TFP growth index Malm-quist which belongs to the technical oriented, mainly from the influence of technological progress, instead of technical efficiency growth, technological progress in the utilization of agricultural land in Shandong province showed an increasing trend. The agricultural land of 17 cities in Shandong province by the average annual TFP growth rate is almost greater than 1 (except sunshine), and technological progress and technological innovation is the decisive factor to promote the agricultural land around the city, the use of TFP to improve. From the point of view of the influence factor, social factor is the natural factors to a greater degree of influence of agricultural land in Shandong province through the utilization efficiency. On several factors affecting agricultural land use efficiency analysis, we found that GDP per capita labor, cultural quality and land use efficiency are positively related; planting area per capita in Shandong Province on the agricultural land of Shandong Province Using efficiency has a significant negative impact, the policy, the price of agricultural products for the weaker negative effects of variables such as the use of agricultural land in Shandong province and the impact of the efficiency of the affected area on the efficiency of land use is weak, the regression results through a significant test for heteroscedasticity effectiveness test. Finally, it summarizes the main results of this paper, and put forward the countermeasures and suggestions.

【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.2

【参考文献】