基于种养结合的河北省农地氮、磷消纳潜力研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 13:24

本文关键词：基于种养结合的河北省农地氮、磷消纳潜力研究　出处：《河北经贸大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：畜禽排泄物环境污染问题是世界性难题,是我国走低碳农业、生态农业发展道路所面临的重要问题之一。畜禽养殖业的饲料消耗需要有一定规模的种植业产出来保障,畜禽污染的排放需要有一定的种植业规模来消纳。种植业与养殖业的结合是发展循环农业,保障土地资源可持续利用的重要途径,而判断基于种养结合基础上的土壤养分盈亏水平是发展生态农业、循环农业的基础。本文在养分N、P供需比较分析原理研究的基础上,将畜禽养殖排泄含量、化肥施用含量、土壤含量作为养分供给来源,农作物生长需求作为养分消纳的主要途径,从单位面积农地N、P施用强度、消纳强度潜力、消纳总量潜力三个方面对河北省11个地市的N、P消纳情况进行比较研究,得出以下结论:(1)从施用强度角度来说,按照欧盟政策规定,全省各地市农地单位面积P施用强度都超出政策规定;农地单位N施用强度与欧盟政策相比,全省各地区差异较大,廊坊市、保定市、衡水市、邢台市、张家口市、沧州市农地单位面积N施用强度小于政策标准,石家庄市、唐山市、承德市、邯郸市、秦皇岛市农地单位面积N施用强度大于政策标准。(2)从消纳强度潜力角度来说,全省各地市农地单位面积N、P供给量均大于农作物的消纳能力,超出农作物消纳能力范围,消纳强度全部处于无潜力状态,但各地区超标差异较小。(3)从消纳总量潜力角度来说,全省农地N、P盈亏量测算出现盈余,即农地的氮、磷供给量均大于农作物消纳量,各地市农地已经没有消纳更多畜禽养殖排泄氮、磷量和化肥施用氮、磷量的潜力,并且各地市存在明显的超标差异。土地作为人类社会发展的重要载体,是我们生存发展的基础。土地资源的合理规划和利用,是实现经济、社会、环境资源可持续发展的重要途径。河北省农地N、P施用强度过大,超出其消纳能力,造成严重的土地污染,威胁着人类社会的发展。因此,本文从合理施肥、畜禽科学养殖、农业生态结构调整等方面提出对策、建议,促进生态农业的健康、可持续发展。
[Abstract]:Environmental pollution of livestock and poultry excreta is a worldwide problem and a low-carbon agriculture in China. The feed consumption of livestock and poultry breeding industry needs to be guaranteed on a certain scale. Livestock and poultry pollution emissions need to have a certain scale of planting to absorb. The combination of planting and aquaculture is an important way to develop circular agriculture and ensure the sustainable use of land resources. And judging the level of soil nutrient profit and loss based on the combination of planting and raising is the basis of developing ecological agriculture and circular agriculture. In this paper, the excretion content of livestock and poultry was studied on the basis of comparative analysis of supply and demand of nutrient NNP. Fertilizer application content, soil content as the source of nutrient supply, crop growth demand as the main way of nutrient absorption, from the unit area of agricultural land application intensity, absorption intensity potential. This paper makes a comparative study on the total absorption potential in 11 cities of Hebei Province from three aspects, and draws the following conclusion: 1) from the perspective of application intensity, according to the European Union policy regulations. The application intensity of P per unit area of farmland in all cities of the province exceeded the policy. Compared with the EU policy, the intensity of N application per unit N of farmland in Langfang City, Baoding City, Hengshui City, Xingtai City, Zhangjiakou City and Cangzhou City was smaller than the policy standard. Shijiazhuang City, Tangshan City, Chengde City, Handan City, Qinhuangdao City farmland unit area N application intensity is higher than policy standard. P supply is larger than the absorption capacity of crops, beyond the range of crop absorption capacity, the absorption intensity is in the state of no potential, but the difference of exceeding the standard in each region is small. 3) from the perspective of the potential of the total amount of absorption, the absorption intensity is all in the state of no potential. The N and P supply of farmland in the whole province is larger than that of crops, and no more nitrogen, phosphorus and fertilizer can be used in the farmland of the whole province. As an important carrier of human social development, land is the basis of our survival and development. Rational planning and utilization of land resources is the realization of economy and society. The important way of sustainable development of environmental resources is that the application intensity of NNP in agricultural land in Hebei Province is too high, which exceeds its absorption capacity, causes serious land pollution, and threatens the development of human society. Therefore, this paper tries to apply fertilizer rationally. The countermeasures and suggestions on scientific breeding of livestock and poultry and adjustment of agricultural ecological structure are put forward to promote the healthy and sustainable development of ecological agriculture.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X712;F326.3

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