基于水足迹的节水型城郊种植业结构优化研究——以乌鲁木齐市为例

发布时间：2018-01-21 03:46

本文关键词： 水足迹城郊种植业优化线性规划模型乌鲁木齐市　出处：《水土保持研究》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：干旱区城郊种植业的发展进一步加剧了当地水资源短缺,水足迹方法能够完整、清晰描述作物耗水特征,基于水足迹进行种植业结构调整对于干旱区种植业持续健康发展和水资源合理高效利用具有重要的指导意义。以干旱区绿洲城市乌鲁木齐市为例,估算当地农作物水足迹,并以此为基础综合考虑经济、生态和社会等因素,构建了基于水足迹的多目标优化模型,探讨节水型城郊种植业结构调整路径。研究表明:可持续发展模式具有蓝水、灰水足迹较低、收益较高、耕地规模适宜的特点,可作为种植业发展规划的基础方案。根据此方案,预计到2015年,种植面积将控制在6.65万hm~2之内,粮油作物、果蔬作物和其他作物的比例为35∶49∶16。就目前而言,应通过调减高蓝水消耗的粮油作物面积,增加低耗水的果蔬类作物面积,提高农肥利用率等措施来提高种植业用水效率、降低水污染,实施结构优化。
[Abstract]:The development of crop planting in the suburbs of arid area has further aggravated the shortage of local water resources. The water footprint method can be integrated and clearly describe the characteristics of crop water consumption. Planting structure adjustment based on water footprint has important guiding significance for sustainable and healthy development of planting industry and rational and efficient utilization of water resources in arid region. Take Urumqi city as an example. Based on the estimation of local crop water footprint, a multi-objective optimization model based on water footprint is constructed by considering the economic, ecological and social factors. The study shows that the sustainable development model has the characteristics of blue water, low footprint of ash water, high income and suitable scale of cultivated land. It is expected that by 2015, the planting area will be within 66,500 hm~2, grain and oil crops. The ratio of fruit and vegetable crops to other crops is 35: 49: 16. For the time being, it is necessary to increase the area of low-water-consuming crops by reducing the area of grain and oil crops consumed by high blue water. To improve the efficiency of water use, reduce water pollution and optimize the structure.
【作者单位】：新疆财经大学旅游学院;中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所;
【基金】：新疆财经大学博士启动基金“资源与环境约束下区域旅游业效率测度与全要素生产率评价”(2015BS001)
【分类号】：F323.213;F326.1
【正文快照】： and other crops.The first objective in the near future is to reduce the planting areas growing crops with highconsumption of blue water,such as grain and oil crops.The second is to increase the acreage of fruits andvegetables utilizing less blue water.In

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