改革时期农业劳动力转移与重新配置

发布时间：2018-01-30 07:22

本文关键词： 中国经济农业劳动力转移资源重新配置户籍制度改革　出处：《中国农村经济》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：通过在相关领域进行体制改革,拆除一系列制度性障碍,农业劳动力得以退出低生产率的农业就业,突破城乡边界进行跨地区、跨产业和跨越所有制的重新配置,是40年中国经济改革的重要成果;同时,以保障充足的人力资源供给、保持高储蓄率并延缓资本报酬递减,以及通过资源重新配置效率对劳动生产率和全要素生产率增长做出显著的贡献,成为支撑高经济增长的重要源泉。本文从农业劳动力获得退出权、流动权和进入权的视角,回顾了这一改革历程,揭示劳动力转移和重新配置的增长效应。本文指出,随着中国经济发展和人口转变进入新阶段,资源配置效应呈现减弱的趋势。保持这一增长源泉,从而顺利实现从中等偏上收入阶段到高收入阶段的转变,惟有深化改革一条途径。本文以推进改革的政策建议作为结语。
[Abstract]:Through the institutional reform in related fields and the removal of a series of institutional obstacles, the agricultural labor force has been able to withdraw from low-productivity agricultural employment and break through the border between urban and rural areas to carry out cross-regional work. The reconfiguration of cross-industry and cross-ownership is an important achievement of China's economic reform in 40 years. At the same time, in order to ensure adequate supply of human resources, to maintain a high savings rate and delay the decline of capital returns, and through the redistribution of resources efficiency to make a significant contribution to labor productivity and total factor productivity growth. As an important source of supporting high economic growth, this paper reviews the reform process from the perspective of the right to withdraw, the right to flow and the right of entry of the agricultural labor force. This paper points out that as China's economic development and population transition enters a new stage, the resource allocation effect tends to weaken and maintain this source of growth. In order to smoothly realize the transition from the middle income stage to the high income stage, only one way to deepen the reform is to deepen the reform. This paper takes the policy suggestions to promote the reform as the conclusion.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院;
【分类号】：F323.6
【正文快照】： 一、引言史无前例的中国经济改革,以1978年的两个事件为标志而起步。第一,1978年12月18日至22日,中共十一届三中全会召开,重新确立了解放思想、实事求是的党的思想路线,决定把全党的工作重点转移到经济建设上来,为改革开放奠定了理论基础。第二,几乎在同一时间,安徽省凤阳县小

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