1953—2016年中国粮食补贴政策分析

发布时间：2018-01-31 07:59

本文关键词： 粮食生产补贴政策粮食安全区域差异　出处：《自然资源学报》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：粮食补贴政策是确保粮食增产、农民增收和国家粮食安全的重要举措。论文分3个阶段系统梳理和分析了1953—2016年期间实施的粮食补贴政策特点和演变趋势,分4个环节即粮食生产、加工、存储、销售环节分析了补贴政策的时空变化,总结提炼了目前粮食补贴政策存在的问题,以期为我国粮食补贴政策的制定提供参考。分析表明,我国粮食补贴的形式、对象、范围和目标等在起步阶段(1953—1978年)、探索调整阶段(1979—2003年)和改革发展阶段(2004—2016年)变化明显,补贴资金投入逐年增长且表现出显著的区域差异性;补贴政策逐渐向粮食主产区、经济相对发达的地区倾斜。目前我国粮食补贴政策存在的问题主要体现在补贴效果和目标的差距、补贴对象和范围的核定、补贴结构以及补贴政策的影响力和农户的认知度等方面。研究以期为完善粮食补贴政策制定和提高政策实施效果起到借鉴作用。
[Abstract]:The grain subsidy policy is an important measure to ensure food production, increase farmers' income and food security in the country. This paper is divided into 3 stages system combing and analysis from 1953 to 2016 during the implementation of the grain subsidy policy characteristics and evolution trend, is divided into 4 parts: food production, processing, storage, sale of temporal and spatial variation of subsidy policy. This paper summarizes the current grain subsidy policy problems, in order to provide reference for the formulation of grain subsidy policy in China. The analysis shows that China's grain subsidies in the form of object, scope and objectives in the initial stage (1953 - 1978), to explore the adjustment stage (1979 - 2003) and (2004 - stage of reform and development 2016) changed obviously, subsidies for capital investment increased year by year and showed significant regional differences; subsidy policy gradually to the major grain producing areas, tilt the economy is relatively developed areas. China's grain subsidies Policy problems are mainly embodied in the effect of subsidies and target gap subsidies approved the object and scope of subsidies, structure and subsidy policy and the influence of farmers' awareness and other aspects of research. In order to play a reference role for the improvement of grain subsidy policy and improve the effect of policy implementation.

【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：中国科学院重点部署项目“新时期国民营养与粮食安全” 国家自然科学基金面上项目(4167011705)~~
【分类号】：F326.11;F812.8
【正文快照】： 粮食补贴是农业补贴中最基本和最重要的组成部分,也是政府对粮食产业支持与保护政策体系中最常用和最重要的政策工具[1-2]。其作用是通过政府转移性支付,对特定群体(如种粮大户、家庭农场等)、特定区域(如粮食主产区、产粮大县等)、特定环节(如生产、加工等环节)进行支持和补

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