中国生猪产品国际竞争力研究

发布时间：2018-01-31 11:44

本文关键词： 生猪产品国际竞争力波特竞争理论　出处：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国的很多产业都得到了快速发展。生猪产业作为畜牧业中的支柱产业,无论是在国际还是国内市场上都占据了一定的地位。我国是世界上猪肉生产和消费的第一大国,2014年,我国年末生猪存栏量为4.66亿头,而排名第二的美国年末生猪存栏量仅为0.621亿头。我国生猪产品在国际市场上具有一定的竞争力,但与丹麦、加拿大等养猪强国比还存在一定的差距。随着经济一体化和贸易自由化的不断推进,我国生猪产品所面临国际竞争必然愈加激烈。在这种宏观经济背景下,对我国生猪产品国际竞争力进行研究,提出提升我国生猪产品国际竞争力的对策,有着极其重要的现实指导意义。首先,本文研究分析了近几年我国生猪产品的生产及对外贸易情况。研究结果表明,我国是世界上生猪产品的第一生产大国,年末生猪存栏量占世界总存栏量的份额接近50%,但是我国生猪产品出口占世界生猪产品出口的份额却很低。出口数额较大的三种生猪产品是活猪、鲜冷冻猪肉、制作或保藏的猪肉罐头,生猪产品出口市场高度集中。其次,运用测定国际竞争力的各项指标对我国生猪产品的国际竞争力进行了衡量。研究结果表明,我国生猪产品国际市场占有率总体上呈现下降的趋势,活猪虽然有着极强的竞争优势,但与丹麦和加拿大比,还存有一定的差距,而鲜冷冻猪肉从2011年起失去出口竞争优势。最后,在波特竞争理论的基础上,对影响我国生猪产品国际竞争力的因素进行了研究。研究结果表明,由于成本的不断增加,生猪产品价格持续走高,导致我国生猪产品在国际市场上失去了价格优势,国际竞争力低下。此外,我国生猪产品的质量还存在一定的问题,制约了生猪产业的发展。从生猪产业国际竞争力的间接影响因素角度出发,我国生猪的种类繁多,地方特种猪养殖业发展良好,我国居民对猪肉的消费一直处于上升趋势,这为提升我国生猪产品的国际竞争力提供了良好基础。但是我国从事生猪养殖行业的人员缺少专业的指导,养殖不规范,技术推广机构等覆盖的范围不够,指导作用有一定的局限性,金融机构对于生猪养殖行业所提供的的融资渠道等也有一定的门槛,使得生猪养殖行业在资金的获取方面缺少相应的扶持,相关支持性产业发展不健全。这些问题的存在使得我国生猪产业发展受限,无法在国际市场上提升竞争力,针对这些问题提出相应的对策建议。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, many industries in China have been rapidly developed. Pig industry as a pillar industry in animal husbandry. Our country is the largest country of pork production and consumption in the world, in 2014, the number of pigs in China at the end of the year is 466 million pigs. At the end of the year, the number of live pigs in the United States was only 62.1 million. China's pig products are competitive in the international market, but they are competitive with Denmark. With the development of economic integration and trade liberalization, the international competition of pig products in China will become more and more fierce. To study the international competitiveness of live pig products in China and put forward countermeasures to enhance the international competitiveness of live pig products in China has an extremely important practical significance. First of all. In this paper, the production and foreign trade of live pig products in China have been studied and analyzed in recent years. The results show that China is the largest producer of live pig products in the world. At the end of the year, the share of live pig stock in the world was close to 50 percent, but the export of live pig products in our country accounted for a very low share of the world live pig exports. The three kinds of live pig products with a large export amount were live pigs. Fresh frozen pork, made or preserved canned pork, pig products export market is highly concentrated. Second. The international competitiveness of live pig products in China was measured by using the indexes of international competitiveness. The results showed that the international market share of pig products in our country was on the whole declining. Live pigs have a strong competitive advantage, but compared with Denmark and Canada, there is still a certain gap, and fresh frozen pork has lost its export competitive advantage since 2011. Finally, on the basis of Porter's competition theory. The factors affecting the international competitiveness of live pig products in China were studied. The results showed that the price of live pig products continued to rise because of the increasing cost. As a result, China's live pig products in the international market has lost its price advantage, the international competitiveness is low. In addition, there are still some problems in the quality of Chinese live pig products. From the point of view of the indirect influence factors of the international competitiveness of the pig industry, there are many kinds of live pigs in China, and the local special pig breeding industry is developing well. The consumption of pork in China has been on the rise, which provides a good basis for improving the international competitiveness of pig products in China. However, there is a lack of professional guidance for people engaged in pig breeding in China. Breeding is not standardized, the scope of technical extension agencies is not enough, the role of guidance has certain limitations, financial institutions for pig breeding industry to provide financing channels and so on have a certain threshold. It makes the hog breeding industry lack of corresponding support in obtaining funds and the development of related supporting industries is not perfect. These problems make the development of pig industry in China limited. Unable to improve competitiveness in the international market, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures to these problems.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.7

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