农户耕地经营规模对粮食单产和生产成本的影响——基于跨时期和地区的实证研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 03:26

本文关键词： 耕地经营规模粮食生产单产亩均生产成本跨时期　出处：《管理世界》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：文章利用2003~2013年中国农业部全国农村固定观察点8个粮食主产省的农户微观调研数据,运用面板数据固定效应模型在全国层面和省级层面分析农户稻谷、小麦和玉米的耕地经营规模对各粮食作物单产和亩均生产成本的影响,以及这种影响在不同时期、不同地区的差异化表现。总的来看,农户耕地经营规模对粮食单产具有显著的负向影响,但耕地经营规模对粮食单产的这种负向影响力度随着时间的推移持续减弱。这表明"增规不增产"问题随着时间推移得到逐步改善。农户耕地经营规模对粮食生产成本也有显著的负向影响,但粮食生产规模经营的成本优势随着时间推移逐渐降低,应当引起重视。分地区而言,农户耕地经营规模对粮食单产和亩均生产成本的显著负向影响在地形以山地和丘陵为主、且机械化耕作程度相对滞后的湖北省和四川省等地区表现最突出。所以,在促进农地承包经营权流转、扩大农户农业生产规模经营的过程中,应重点缓解这些地区的土地细碎化问题,扩大农户地块层面的经营规模,完善当地的机械化社会服务市场。
[Abstract]:The micro household survey data using the 2003~2013 national Ministry of agriculture, rural China fixed observation points of the 8 major grain producing province, using fixed effect panel data model in the national level and the provincial level of farmers of rice, wheat and corn farmland management scale effect and yield per mu of production cost of each grain, and this influence in different in different areas of performance. In general, scale farmers cultivated land on grain yield has a significant negative impact, but the scale of cultivated land management on grain yield negative influence over time continued to weaken. This shows that "increasing regulation does not yield problems with time scale farmers gradually improved. Land on grain production cost also has a significant negative impact, but the grain production scale management cost advantage over time should be gradually reduced When the attention points. In terms of scale farmers cultivated land on the cost of production and the grain yield per mu is significantly negative effect in the terrain with mountains and hills, the most prominent areas of Hubei province and Sichuan province etc. and mechanized farming is relatively lagging behind. Therefore, in promoting the transfer of land contract and management rights, expand agricultural the scale of production management process, should focus on the mitigation of land fragmentation problem in these areas, expand the level of farmer's land management scale, improve the mechanization of local social services market.

【作者单位】：中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所;浙江财经大学经济学院;国际食物政策研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(项目批准号:70673035);国家自然科学基金青年项目(项目批准号:71603228) 浙江省社科规划课题项目(项目批准号:17NDJC023Z)的资助支持
【分类号】：F323.211;F326.11
【正文快照】： 一、引言2002年《中华人民共和国农村土地承包法》的出台,从法律上为农地承包经营权的流转扫清了障碍。从此,中国农地流转市场迅速发展,农户的农地承包经营权流转率从2003年的18%增长到2013年的22%,转包入耕地占经营总耕地面积的比例从2003年的11%增加到2013年的17%;与此同时,

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