基于线性规划模型南安市土地利用结构量化分析及对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-05 05:21

本文选题：线性规划模型　切入点：土地利用　出处：《福建农林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人类在土地利用上的各类活动体现在土地利用结构的变化上。由于人类活动的不同,导致土地利用结构的变化并呈现差异；土地利用结构差异,影响土地的产出效益并呈现多样化。土地利用结构的合理利用,能够促进土地利用系统的持续协调发展,也积极带动提高土地利用的社会、经济、生态效益。对土地利用结构的优化,可以节约土地又能集约土地,提升土地综合效益,对实现土地资源可持续利用有重大实际意义。分析探讨土地利用结构的优化对于土地资源在经济社会发展中发挥更合理、科学、高效、持续的利用效益具有重要意义。本文利用南安市2009年及2013年土地年度变更调查数据,按照全国土地利用调查分类系统,选取了区域内表征土地利用数量结构的总体组合类型、土地利用综合程度、各地类区位意义三个方面进行分析,并选取相关定量指标,对土地利用结构进行量化分析,研究结果如下：(1)南安市土地利用结构具有区域差异明显的特点：耕地分布区域差异明显,大部分布于西部东南部及河谷盆地和滨海平原地带,耕地比重偏低且人均面积都低于泉州市人均水平及福建省人均水平；园地面积较少,且密集分布区在市域中部南段；林地占有比例大,主要分布在西—北部乡镇及林场；城乡建设用地主要分布在主要集中在市区及沿海乡镇；农村居民点用地缺乏规划引导,布局散乱,呈“数量多”、“总量多”、“体小”、“质量低”和“分散”的特征,人均用地相对较大,未利用土地面积少,耕地后备资源缺乏,补充耕地难度大；同时,现有土地利用中存在耕地数量减少、非农化建设增加、土地利用效益和产出率不高、建设用地集约利用程度较低等问题。(2)选取土地利用结构、程度、结构综合指数等三个指标变化,对南安市土地利用结构动态变化进行分析,研究表明：1.南安市土地利用结构的变化受自然因素和社会经济因素影响巨大,特别是社会经济因素起确定性作用；2.南安市土地利用结构变化仍呈现动态性变化,处于不断调整和优化的过程,但整体表现出逐渐趋于稳定的态势。基于对南安市土地利用结构的动态变化分析,预测南安市土地利用结构调整趋势。(3)通过构建线性规划模型,设置合适变量,引入相关约束条件,综合考虑社会、经济和生态效益,得到土地利用结构优化方案。(4)针对南安市经济社会发展现状和特点,提出土地利用结构优化的保障措施,对缓解人地矛盾、提高土地利用综合效益,促进土地资源可持续利用提供一定的依据。
[Abstract]:All kinds of human activities in land use are reflected in the change of land use structure. As a result of different human activities, land use structure changes and presents differences. The rational use of land use structure can promote the sustainable and coordinated development of land use system, and actively promote the social and economic development of land use. Ecological benefit. The optimization of land use structure can save land and strengthen land, and promote the comprehensive benefit of land. It is of great practical significance to realize the sustainable utilization of land resources. The sustainable utilization benefit is of great significance. Based on the annual land change survey data of 2009 and 2013 in Nanan city, and according to the classification system of national land use survey, this paper selects the overall combination type of land use quantity structure in the region. The comprehensive degree of land use and the significance of regional types are analyzed in three aspects, and quantitative analysis of land use structure is carried out by selecting relevant quantitative indicators. The results are as follows: (1) the land use structure of Nanan city has the characteristics of obvious regional differences: the distribution of cultivated land is obvious in the region, most of which are distributed in the southeast of the west, the valley basin and the coastal plain area. The proportion of cultivated land is low and the per capita area is lower than that of Quanzhou City and Fujian Province, the area of garden land is less, and the dense distribution area is in the south of the central part of the city, and the proportion of woodland is large, mainly distributed in towns and forest farms in the west and north. Urban and rural construction land is mainly distributed in urban areas and coastal towns, and rural residential land is lack of planning guidance, and its distribution is scattered, with the characteristics of "large quantity", "total amount", "small body", "low quality" and "dispersion". The per capita land use is relatively large, the unused land area is small, the cultivated land reserve resources are scarce, and it is difficult to supplement the cultivated land. At the same time, the amount of cultivated land in the existing land use is reduced, the non-agricultural construction increases, the land use benefit and the output rate are not high. In order to analyze the dynamic change of land use structure in Nanan City, this paper selects three indexes, such as land use structure, degree and structural comprehensive index, which are low in intensive use of construction land. The study shows that the change of land use structure in Nanan City is greatly influenced by natural factors and social and economic factors, especially the social and economic factors play a deterministic role. 2. The change of land use structure in Nanan City is still dynamic. It is in the process of continuous adjustment and optimization, but the whole shows a steady trend. Based on the analysis of the dynamic changes of land use structure in Nanan City, the trend of land use structure adjustment in Nanan City is forecasted. Setting appropriate variables, introducing relevant constraints, synthetically considering social, economic and ecological benefits, obtaining the optimized scheme of land use structure. (4) aiming at the present situation and characteristics of economic and social development in Nanan City, the paper puts forward the safeguard measures for optimizing the land use structure. It provides some basis for alleviating the contradiction between man and land, improving the comprehensive benefit of land use and promoting the sustainable utilization of land resources.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.2

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