农户耕地质量认知差异及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 04:26

本文选题：农户　切入点：耕地质量认知　出处：《沈阳农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：耕地质量直接关系着粮食安全和食品安全,特别是在我国资源环境硬性约束的背景下,如何实施耕地质量保护与提升工作,遏制耕地质量下降势头,已成为政府部门和学者们共同关注的热点问题。自我国实行家庭联产承包责任制以来,农户逐渐成为耕地利用的基本单元,并在耕地质量保护中扮演重要角色,而农户耕地利用行为与其对耕地质量的认知程度密切相关,其认知程度的高低直接关系到农户采取保护性的耕作方式还是破坏性的耕作方式。因此,本研究从农户的微观视角出发,以沈阳市沈北新区为例,对沈北新区233户农户数据进行统计分析,研究探讨不同区域农户的耕地质量认知差异,并在此基础上构建农户耕地质量认知影响因素的理论分析框架,结合结构方程模型深入分析,明确影响农户耕地质量认知的因素,及其作用方向和影响效度,以期为后续的耕地质量保护与农户行为相关研究提供一定的理论借鉴,在实践上,为政府制定引导农户合理利用耕地和保护耕地质量的政策提供依据。本研究得到结果如下:(1)不同区域农户对耕地质量的认知存在显著差异,农村农户对耕地适宜性的认知程度要高于近郊和远郊农户,远郊农户要比近郊及农村农户更了解耕地耕层厚度,近郊农户对耕地污染状况及耕地质量保护责任主体的认知程度要高于远郊及农村农户;(2)农户自身条件是农户耕地质量认知最主要的直接影响因素,社会经济因素和自然资源禀赋对农户耕地质量认知的直接影响效度依次减弱,标准化因素负荷系数分别是0.877,0.731和0.358;同时,受教育年限通过农户自身条件的路径对农户耕地质量认知产生间接影响,影响效度为0.757,农作物价格作为社会经济因素间接影响农户耕地质量认知,效度为0.576,与城市距离作为自然资源禀赋间接影响农户耕地质量认知,其影响效度为0.887,其他各个影响因素的影响效度和方向又有所不同。厘清了农户耕地质量认知与影响因素的相互关系,可以为后续相关研究提供一定的理论基础,并为政府合理引导农户进行耕地质量保护提供现实依据。基于以上的研究结果,提出增强农户耕地质量认知和激励农户耕地保护行为的相关对策与政策建议:(1)加强对农户的宣传和教育,明确农户的耕地质量保护责任主体意识,制定并引导农户因地制宜利用耕地;(2)建立实施耕地保护监督管理机制,控制防治耕地污染,通过相关部门和村集体向农户落实耕地质量保护工作;(3)推广农业技术,提高农户认知水平,切实保护耕地质量。
[Abstract]:The quality of cultivated land is directly related to food security and food safety, especially under the background of the rigid restriction of resources and environment in our country, how to protect and promote the quality of cultivated land and curb the declining trend of cultivated land quality. Since the implementation of household contract responsibility system, farmers have gradually become the basic unit of cultivated land use, and play an important role in the protection of cultivated land quality. However, the behavior of farmland utilization is closely related to their cognition of cultivated land quality, and the level of their cognition is directly related to whether the farmers adopt protective tillage or destructive farming methods. Based on the microscopic perspective of farmers and taking Shenyang Shenyang New District as an example, the data of 233 rural households in Shenyang New area are statistically analyzed, and the cognitive differences of cultivated land quality among farmers in different regions are studied. On the basis of this, the theoretical analysis frame of the influencing factors of farmers' cultivated land quality is constructed, and the factors that affect the farmers' cognition of cultivated land quality, as well as their action direction and influence validity, are analyzed in depth with the structural equation model. In order to provide some theoretical reference for the subsequent research on cultivated land quality protection and farmers' behavior, in practice, The results of this study are as follows: (1) there are significant differences in farmers' perceptions of cultivated land quality in different regions. The degree of cognition of cultivated land suitability of rural farmers is higher than that of suburban and far-suburbs farmers, and the depth of cultivated land layer is better understood by rural farmers than that of rural and rural farmers. The farmers' cognition of cultivated land pollution status and cultivated land quality protection responsibility is higher than that of rural and suburban farmers) the farmers' own condition is the most important direct influence factor of farmers' cultivated land quality cognition. The direct effects of social and economic factors and natural resource endowment on farmers' cultivated land quality cognition decreased in turn, and the standardized factor load coefficients were 0.8770.7031 and 0.358respectively. Through the path of farmers' own conditions, the number of years of education has an indirect effect on farmers' cultivated land quality cognition, and the influence validity is 0.757. As a social and economic factor, crop price indirectly affects farmers' cultivated land quality cognition. The validity is 0.576, and the distance from city to city, as a natural resource endowment, has an indirect effect on farmers' cultivated land quality cognition. The effect validity is 0.887, and the effect validity and direction of other factors are different. The relationship between farmers' cognition of cultivated land quality and influencing factors is clarified, which can provide a theoretical basis for further research. And provide a realistic basis for the government to reasonably guide farmers to protect the quality of cultivated land. The paper puts forward some relevant countermeasures and policy suggestions to strengthen farmers' awareness of cultivated land quality and encourage farmers' cultivated land protection behavior. (1) strengthen propaganda and education for farmers, and clarify farmers' awareness of responsibility for farmland quality protection. To establish and guide farmers to make use of cultivated land according to local conditions, to establish and implement the supervision and management mechanism of cultivated land protection, to control and control cultivated land pollution, to implement farmland quality protection work to farmers through relevant departments and village collectives, and to promote agricultural technology. Improve farmers' cognitive level and effectively protect the quality of cultivated land.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.211

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