规模经营下土地整治项目设计研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 06:37

本文选题：土地整治　切入点：土地流转　出处：《江西农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：农村土地规模经营有利于实现机械化耕作和规模效益,是当前我国农业发展的趋势。将土地整治和土地流转有机结合是实现土地规模经营的有效途径,借助土地整治提升田间基础设施条件,通过土地流转形成土地承包经营权的集聚,能有力的促进现代农业的发展。本文结合樟树市阁山镇土地整治项目实例,通过设计调研问卷,对规模经营大户和普通农户,从经营方式、流转意愿和土地整治设计要求三方面进行调研。在对调研结果进行分析的基础上,从分散经营和规模经营两种背景下,对樟树市阁山镇进行土地整治项目设计研究,提出了规模经营背景下土地整治设计的特点。研究的主要结论如下:(1)经营方式上,规模经营大户较普通农户年轻且文化水平更高,农业收入占家庭收入的比重比普通农户的比重大,农业规模经营机械化程度高且规模经营效益明显;耕地流转意愿上,规模经营大户较普通农户耕地流转意愿高,政府在耕地流转中起着引导作用,但耕地流转后普通农户缺乏就业保障,耕地流转中介服务机构亟待组建;土地整治设计的要求上,规模经营大户和普通农户对于土地整治设计的参与程度高,田块平整是规模经营大户和普通农户的首要设计建议。(2)实证研究中两种背景下土地整治项目设计指标情况:规模经营背景下的田块数为185块,分散经营背景下田块数目2012块;规模经营背景下土地整治设计亩均投资为2184.50元/亩(32767.5元/公顷),分散经营背景下土地整治设计亩均1208.74元/亩(18131.1元/公顷);规模经营背景下土地整治设计中,每百公顷田间道长度为15.55km,分散经营背景下土地整治设计每百公顷田间道长度为9.97km;规模经营背景下土地整治设计田间道路通达度为96.76%,分散经营背景下土地整治设计田间道路通达度91.05%;规模经营背景下土地整治设计田间设施占地率为7.26%,分散经营背景下土地整治设计的田间设施占地率5.84%;规模经营背景下的亩均沟渠长度为11.58m,分散经营背景下的亩均沟渠长度14.93m。(3)对比研究分散经营和规模经营背景下的土地整治设计,得到规模经营背景下的土地整治设计的特点:田块布局灵活、科学,有利于农业机械操作;道路设计以田间道为主,田间道路通达率高;沟渠布局以斗渠、斗沟为主,亩均沟渠长度小;重视发挥土地整治的生态景观功能。
[Abstract]:The scale management of rural land is beneficial to realize mechanized tillage and scale benefit, which is the trend of agricultural development in our country at present. It is an effective way to realize the scale management of land by organically combining land regulation with land circulation. With the help of land regulation to improve the condition of field infrastructure and form the agglomeration of land contract management right through land circulation, it can promote the development of modern agriculture. This paper combines with the example of land renovation project in Geshan Town of Zhangshu City. Based on the analysis of the survey results, this paper investigates the large scale management households and ordinary peasant households from three aspects: management mode, circulation intention and land renovation design requirements through the design of questionnaire. From the background of decentralized management and scale management, this paper studies the design of land regulation project in Cheshan Town of Zhangshu City, and puts forward the characteristics of land regulation design under the background of scale management. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: 1) Management mode. Large households with large scale management are younger and more educated than ordinary farmers, the proportion of agricultural income in household income is larger than that of ordinary farmers, the degree of mechanization of agricultural scale management is high and the benefit of scale management is obvious. Large households with large scale management have higher willingness to transfer arable land than ordinary farmers, and the government plays a leading role in the transfer of cultivated land. However, after the transfer of arable land, ordinary peasant households lack employment security, and intermediary services for farmland transfer are urgently needed to be set up. Large scale operators and ordinary farmers have a high degree of participation in the design of land renovation. Field leveling is the primary design suggestion for large scale farmers and ordinary farmers.) in the empirical study, the design indexes of land renovation projects under two kinds of background are as follows: the number of land blocks under the background of scale management is 185 blocks, and the number of field blocks is 2012 blocks under the background of decentralized management; Under the background of scale management, the average investment of land regulation design is 2184.50 yuan / mu 32767.5 yuan / hectare, and that of land renovation design under decentralized management background is 1208.74 yuan / mu 18131.1 yuan / hectare, and in the design of land regulation under the background of scale management, The length of field road is 15.55km per 100 hectares, the length of land regulation design is 9.97km per 100 hectare under the background of decentralized management, the accessibility of field road design is 96.76km under the background of scale management, and the design of land regulation under the background of decentralized management. Field road accessibility is 91.055.The rate of land renovation and design field facilities is 7.26 under the background of scale management, 5.84 per mu under decentralized management background, and 11.58m in the background of large-scale operation. Comparative study on Land Regulation Design under the background of decentralized Management and scale Management, The characteristics of land regulation design under the background of large-scale management are obtained: flexible distribution of field block, scientific, favorable to agricultural machinery operation; road design mainly in the field, high access rate of road in the field; ditch layout in the form of bucket and ditch, The length of the canals is small, and the ecological landscape function of land regulation is given full play.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F321.1

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