农户增收视角下新疆温宿县农业种植结构布局调整研究

发布时间：2018-03-14 12:47

本文选题：温宿县　切入点：种植结构　出处：《塔里木大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：常言道“民以食为天”,农业的健康持续发展一直以来是我国的头等大事,农业种植结构布局的调整一直以来是学术界探索解决的难点和热点问题。温宿县是阿克苏地区农业发展大县,主导农产品有稻米、核桃、红枣、苹果等,特色林果业发展迅速,农业总产值占到全县GDP的60%以上,近几年由于棉花价格平稳趋于下降、国际竞争力不强、特色林果业价格不稳定等因素造成温宿县农民收入增长缓慢。如何有效发挥区域资源优势,合理调整农业种植结构,全面提升农业整体效益,促进农民增收,实现温宿县农业可持续发展实为当务之急。本文通过收集、调查2006年至2015年统计数据,整理分析出温宿县当前种植业发展现状,选取了温宿县五镇五乡和农牧林场,进行了相关的农户种植结构及收益微观调查,在此基础上,对温宿县各乡镇进行了综合比较优势指数计算,总结出温宿县各乡镇具有比较优势的产业和特色林果业。温宿县农业种植的结构模式是“粮经农作物均衡发展,特色林果业突出发展”,温宿县农业种植的空间布局调整是“乡镇多样化种植,农林牧场专一化种植”。通过对温宿县各乡镇及农牧林场种植结构的综合指标分析发现:从收入弹性或者市场的需求动力角度看,温宿县最适宜选择的农业种植品种有核桃、红枣、苹果、梨子、杏子、蔬菜、棉花;从规模优势角度看,温宿县最适宜选择的农业种植品种有水稻、棉花、红枣、核桃;从专门化系数角度看,温宿县最适宜选择的农业种植品种有水稻、小麦、核桃、苹果、红枣;从产值比重角度看,温宿县最适宜选择的农业种植品种顺序依次为棉花核桃红枣小麦水稻蔬菜玉米苹果;通过不同角度、不同层次分析,筛选的结果依次是核桃、红枣、苹果、水稻、棉花、蔬菜(特色瓜果);农户在种植过程中应当选择增收明显的二到三种作物,进行分配种植。应不断培育“一村一品”农业发展模式和打造互联网+政策导向平台。
[Abstract]:As the saying goes, "the people take food as the sky," and the healthy and sustainable development of agriculture has always been a top priority in our country. Adjustment of the layout of agricultural planting structure has always been a difficult and hot issue for academic circles. Wenshu County is a big agricultural development county in Aksu region. The leading agricultural products include rice, walnut, jujube, apple and so on. The characteristic forest and fruit industry has developed rapidly. The total agricultural output value accounts for more than 60% of the county's GDP. In recent years, due to the steady decline in cotton prices, the international competitiveness is not strong. The unstable price of characteristic forest and fruit industry has caused the slow growth of farmers' income in Wenshu County. How to give full play to the advantages of regional resources, adjust the structure of agricultural planting reasonably, promote the overall benefit of agriculture, and promote the increase of farmers' income, etc. It is urgent to realize the sustainable development of agriculture in Wenshu County. Through collecting and investigating the statistical data from 2006 to 2015, this paper collates and analyzes the current situation of planting development in Wenshu County, and selects the five towns, five townships and the farm and animal husbandry forest farm of Wenshu County. On the basis of the microcosmic investigation of farmers' planting structure and income, the comprehensive comparative advantage index of each township in Wenshu County was calculated. Summing up the comparative advantage industries and characteristic forest and fruit industries in the villages and towns of Wenshu County. The structural pattern of agricultural planting in Wenshu County is "balanced development of grain and economic crops," The special forestry and fruit industry is developing prominently. The spatial distribution adjustment of agricultural planting in Wenshu County is "diversified planting in villages and towns." Through the comprehensive index analysis of the planting structure of villages, towns and farms in Wenshu County, it is found that from the angle of income elasticity or market demand power, walnut is the most suitable agricultural cultivar in Wenshu County. Red dates, apples, pears, apricots, vegetables, cotton; in terms of scale advantage, the most suitable agricultural varieties in Wenshu County are rice, cotton, jujube and walnut; from the perspective of specialization coefficient, The most suitable agricultural planting varieties in Wenshu County were rice, wheat, walnut, apple and jujube, and the most suitable agricultural planting varieties were cotton, walnut, wheat, wheat, corn, apple in order of proportion of output value. Through different angles and different levels of analysis, the results of the screening were walnut, red jujube, apple, rice, cotton, vegetable (characteristic melon and fruit), and farmers should choose to increase their income two or three crops in the process of planting. Distribution planting. Should continue to cultivate the "one Village, one Product" agricultural development model and build the Internet policy-oriented platform.
【学位授予单位】：塔里木大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.1

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