基于LCA的我国畜禽产品生产碳排放评估及减排潜力研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 21:10

本文选题：畜禽产品　切入点：碳足迹　出处：《湖南科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济和城市化的快速发展,我国畜禽产品的消费也在不断地增加。我国是农业大国,畜禽产品生产碳排放已成为我国温室气体排放的重要来源,很有可能抵消掉我国在其他产业上的减排努力。基于我国政府已正式提出的2020年二氧化碳强度减排目标,因此,研究怎样减少我国畜禽产品生产碳排放具有重要的意义。本文采取新的视角,通过综述国内外相关文献,选取生命周期排放因子,利用生命周期碳评估方法,对我国畜禽产品进行了时空碳排放的评估,通过宏观掌握我国畜禽产品生产碳排放的情况,研究我国相应有效的畜禽产品碳减排措施。本文的主要结论如下:(1)根据畜禽产品碳排放因子以及区域排放因子,我国畜禽产品消费结构较合理,畜禽产品生产区域分布较为合理;(2)我国畜禽产品生产碳排放在2002-2013期间总体呈上升趋势,12年间碳排放以年均2.6%速率上涨,我国可根据畜禽产品碳排放源针对性减排;(3)根据回归分析得知,城市人口、国内生产总值(GDP)促进畜禽产品生产,畜禽产品生产量具有稳定上升趋势,假设不采取任何措施,我国的畜禽产品碳排放将在2015、2020、2030年分别比2013年上涨2.1%-2.7%、26.6%-39.9%、72.2%-112.0%;(4)我国畜禽产品碳排放在土地用途转变和饲料种植阶段占据畜禽产品碳排放的58%,能源使用碳排放为17%,肠道发酵占据畜禽产品碳排放的13%,粪便碳排放占10%,牛羊放牧碳排放占2%,我国可根据排放源比例的大小安排重点减排;(5)通过减排潜能测算,我国精确施肥、引入优质饲料,使用草原不过度放牧方式减排、加强沼气、生物发酵床技术研究和应用减排以及引导人民低碳消费,减少浪费等减排措施具有良好的减排潜能。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and urbanization, the consumption of livestock and poultry products in China is also increasing. China is a large agricultural country, and carbon emissions from livestock and poultry products production have become an important source of greenhouse gas emissions in China. It is likely to offset China's efforts to reduce emissions in other industries. Based on the 2020 carbon dioxide intensity reduction target that our government has officially proposed, therefore, It is of great significance to study how to reduce carbon emissions from livestock and poultry production in China. This paper adopts a new perspective, selects life cycle emission factors, and uses life cycle carbon assessment methods by reviewing relevant literature at home and abroad. In this paper, the spatiotemporal carbon emissions of livestock and poultry products in China are evaluated, and the situation of carbon emissions from livestock and poultry production in China is grasped through macro view. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) according to the carbon emission factors of livestock and poultry products and regional emission factors, the consumption structure of livestock and poultry products in China is reasonable. Carbon emissions from livestock and poultry production in China showed an overall upward trend in 2002-2013. Carbon emissions increased at an average annual rate of 2.6% per year in the past 12 years. According to the regression analysis, China can find out that the urban population, GDP) promotes the production of livestock and poultry products, and the production of livestock and poultry products has a steady upward trend, assuming that no measures will be taken. China's livestock and poultry products carbon emissions will be in 2015 / 20, 2030 than 2013 increased 2.1- 2.7i 26.6 -39.9m 72.2 -112.0 carbon emissions in China's livestock and poultry products in the land use transition and feed planting stage of livestock and poultry products carbon emissions in 58 percent, energy use carbon emissions of 1717, intestinal fermentation accounted for the proportion of domestic livestock and poultry products carbon emissions in the period of land use change and feed production, energy consumption carbon emissions accounted for 17.6%, intestinal fermentation accounted for 5% of livestock and poultry products carbon emissions. According to 13 percent of carbon emissions from livestock and poultry products, 10 percent of carbon emissions from feces, 2 percent from cattle and sheep grazing carbon emissions, China can arrange key emission reductions according to the size of the emission source ratio. In China, such measures as precise fertilization, introduction of high quality fodder, non-overgrazing of grassland, enhancement of biogas, research and application of biofilm bed technology, low carbon consumption and waste reduction have good emission reduction potential.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S811.5;F326.3

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