低碳经济背景下河南省发展森林碳汇的对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 00:51

本文选题：森林碳汇　切入点：低碳经济　出处：《河南科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人们对环境问题的愈加关注,防止温室效应、防止全球变暖就变得至关重要。各国政府正致力于寻找未来控制CO2排放的安全途径,而作为一种替代减排方式,陆地生态系统对大气中CO2的吸收受到了世界各国的日益重视。森林作为全球陆地生态系统中最大的碳储存库,拥有调节全球碳平衡、缓解全球气候变暖等不可替代的功能,而且森林固碳成本低、蕴涵巨大的生态经济效益,在应对全球气候变化过程中显得尤其重要。作为中原经济区建设的主体,河南省长期以来都是一个相对高碳排放区,迫于当前严峻的减排形势,全省必将大力发展林业碳汇加以缓解。本文就是在此背景下,以生态经济学理论和林业可持续发展理论为基础,通过收集历次森林资源清查资料、统计年鉴以及实地调研,从森林资源、思想认识水平、政策法规、现有造林技术等方面分析了河南省森林碳汇建设情况,并指出目前河南省森林碳汇具有较大的发展潜力;但仍存在着森林资源总量严重不足,森林资源结构不合理,森林火灾及病虫害严重,支撑保障能力不强,森林生态补偿标准偏低,以及缺乏公众参与的地方平台等问题。最后在前面分析的基础上,分别从宏观、微观两个角度提出了促进河南省森林碳汇发展的对策建议,在宏观方面,需要加强林权制度改革和完善区域森林生态补偿制度,给予优惠的林业税费政策和信贷扶持政策,并加强法制建设和宣传教育工作;在微观方面,需要加快林业工程建设和改善森林经营管理,加大森林碳汇的科技投入和人才培养工作,以及建立地方性公众参与平台等对策建议,以期为河南省森林碳汇的快速、健康发展提供科学支撑。
[Abstract]:As environmental concerns grow, preventing Greenhouse Effect and global warming becomes crucial. Governments are working to find safe ways to control CO2 emissions in the future, as an alternative to reducing emissions. The absorption of CO2 in the atmosphere by terrestrial ecosystems has attracted increasing attention from all over the world. As the largest carbon storage in global terrestrial ecosystems, forests have the irreplaceable functions of regulating global carbon balance and mitigating global warming. Moreover, forest carbon sequestration cost is low and contains huge ecological and economic benefits, which is especially important in the process of dealing with global climate change. As the main body of economic zone construction in Central Plains, Henan Province has been a relatively high carbon emission area for a long time. Under the severe emission reduction situation, the whole province will develop forestry carbon sink to alleviate it. Under this background, based on ecological economics theory and forestry sustainable development theory, this paper collects the information of forest resources inventory. This paper analyzes the forest carbon sink construction in Henan Province from the aspects of forest resources, ideological level, policies and regulations, and existing afforestation techniques, and points out that forest carbon sinks in Henan Province have great development potential at present. However, there are still serious deficiencies in the total amount of forest resources, unreasonable structure of forest resources, serious forest fires, pests and diseases, weak support and support capacity, and low standards of forest ecological compensation. Finally, on the basis of the previous analysis, the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the development of forest carbon sinks in Henan Province are put forward from the macro and micro perspectives, in the macro aspect. It is necessary to strengthen the reform of forest tenure system and improve the regional forest ecological compensation system, to give preferential forestry tax and fee policy and credit support policy, and to strengthen the legal system construction and publicity and education. It is necessary to speed up the construction of forestry engineering and improve forest management and management, increase the scientific and technological input and personnel training of forest carbon sequestration, and establish a local public participation platform, so as to promote the rapid development of forest carbon sequestration in Henan Province. Healthy development provides scientific support.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.2

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