人力资本视域下农村家庭贫困代际传递研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 14:21

本文选题：人力资本　切入点：农村　出处：《华中农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：长期以来,贫困问题一直是妨碍中国社会发展和经济提高的重大问题。我国农村贫困人口众多、贫困形成原因复杂,脱贫难度较大,故解决贫困问题一直是党和政府的政策重点。“十一五”规划明确提出了要将防止贫困代际传递作为反贫的新目标,十二届全国人大二次会议指出要遏制贫困代代相传,这表明遏制贫困代际传递是解决贫困问题的关键。在此背景下,深入研究贫困代际传递如何形成,贫困怎样由父辈传递给子辈,有利于提高扶贫的精确度、避免盲目性,对推动农村经济发展和实施“精准扶贫”战略具有重大意义。本文以农村贫困家庭为分析单位,从人力资本视角解读贫困代际传递现象。基于武汉市J乡564户贫困家庭的问卷调查数据及10户贫困家庭的个案访谈资料,采用实证研究方法,从三个层面考察了贫困代际传递:首先探讨了人力资本与贫困间的关系;其次,通过对人力资本概念操作化处理,运用多元线性回归方程,主要从人力资本存量中的知识存量、技能存量、健康存量和思想观念存量四个方面考察父辈的人力资本存量如何传递给子辈;最后分析了人力资本代际传递对贫困代际传递的具体作用过程。研究发现:第一,人力资本是影响贫困的关键因素;第二,农村贫困家庭中,父辈的人力资本存量对子辈的人力资本存量存在显著正向影响。即贫困家庭中,子辈会复制父辈的人力资本。第三,贫困家庭的子辈通过复制父辈的人力资本存量,进而复制父辈贫困,导致贫困代际传递。对此,本文提出阻止贫困代际传递的根本途径是加大对贫困家庭的人力资本投资。通过教育、技能培训、全面的医保覆盖和农村精神文明建设,帮助农村贫困家庭走入正轨、阻止贫困代际传递,促进社会健康稳定发展。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the problem of poverty has been a major problem hindering China's social development and economic improvement. There are a large number of poor people in rural areas in China, and the causes of poverty are complex, and it is difficult to get rid of poverty. Therefore, solving the problem of poverty has always been the policy focus of the party and government. The 11th Five-Year Plan clearly stated that the prevention of intergenerational transmission of poverty should be taken as a new anti-poverty goal, and the second session of the 12 National people's Congress pointed out that it was necessary to curb the transmission of poverty from generation to generation. This shows that curbing the intergenerational transmission of poverty is the key to solving the problem of poverty. In this context, it is beneficial to improve the accuracy of poverty alleviation and avoid blindness by deeply studying how to form poverty intergenerational transmission and how poverty is transmitted from parents to children. It is of great significance to promote the development of rural economy and implement the strategy of "precision poverty alleviation". Based on the questionnaire survey data of 564 poor families in J Township of Wuhan City and the case interview data of 10 poor families, this paper uses the empirical research method to interpret the phenomenon of intergenerational poverty transmission from the perspective of human capital. This paper examines the intergenerational transmission of poverty from three aspects: first, the relationship between human capital and poverty; secondly, through the operation of human capital concept, using multiple linear regression equations, mainly from the human capital stock of knowledge stock, This paper investigates how the stock of human capital of the parents can be transferred to their children from four aspects: the stock of skills, the stock of health and the stock of ideas. Finally, the paper analyzes the specific process of the intergenerational transfer of human capital to the transmission of poverty intergenerational. Human capital is the key factor affecting poverty. Second, in rural poor households, the stock of human capital of parents has a significant positive effect on the stock of human capital of children. By copying the stock of human capital of their parents, the children of poor families replicate the poverty of their parents, which leads to the transmission of poverty from generation to generation. This paper suggests that the fundamental way to prevent the transmission of poverty from generation to generation is to increase the investment in human capital of poor families. Through education, skills training, comprehensive coverage of health insurance and the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas, we can help poor rural families to get on the right track. We will stop the intergenerational transmission of poverty and promote the healthy and stable development of society.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8

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