农村宅基地退出的农户意愿研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 18:49

本文选题：宅基地退出　切入点：农户意愿　出处：《江西农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国城镇化和工业化进程的发展,城乡建设用地与有农用地尤其是耕地的矛盾日益突出。从农村宅基地中寻找新的用地空间对于促进耕地保护和实现土地的集约节约利用、保护农民权益和维护社会稳定、实现城乡统筹发展、促进农村土地产权制度改革具有重要的意义。同时,未统一的户籍制度和土地制度阻断了宅基地退出的可行性、宅基地的资产化进程。为此,国家和各地区制定和实施了一系列有利于解决目前土地资源紧张问题、促进农村居民退出宅基地向城镇转移并维护其基本城镇生活条件的政策。基于此,本文采用实证分析的方法,为引导农户有序的退出宅基地提供政策建议,也为执政者优化宅基地资源利用、推进土地整理工作、保护耕地、提高农村土地利用效率、制定合理的宅基地退出政策提供依据。本文采用实地调研所获取的445个农户的问卷数据作为研究数据来源,系统分析了宅基地利用现状、农户对宅基地产权的认知、农户转为城镇户口的意愿、农户退出宅基地的意愿。在引入虚拟变量(是否愿意转为城镇户口)的基础上,利用二元Logistic回归模型,选取农户个体因素、农户家庭因素、宅基地产权认知因素等三大类因子为自变量,分别分析愿意转为城镇户口和不愿意转为城镇户口这两个层次的农户退出宅基地意愿的影响因素。结合调研数据,通过分析宅基地利用状况和农户对宅基地产权的认知可知:大部分农户家庭存在着“一户多宅”和用地面积超标的状况;现阶段农民对宅基地管理的政策了解的不多;还有相当部分的农民对宅基地所有权的归属认知错误。在愿意转为城镇户口的农户层次,影响农户退出宅基地意愿的因素有:年龄、教育水平、宅基地所有权认知、是否有宅基地土地使用权证。在不愿意转为城镇户口的农户层次,影响农户退出宅基地意愿的因素有:年龄、家庭年收入、家庭供养比重、宅基地所有权认知、是否在城镇买房、是否有宅基地土地使用权证。通过对其结果的对比分析得出:农户退出宅基地的意愿受到农户个体因素、农户家庭因素、宅基地产权认知因素这三个方面的影响;对于农户愿意转为城镇户口层次和农户不愿意转为城镇户口层次,存在着相同的影响农户退出意愿的因素,但其影响程度不同;教育水平、家庭供养比重、是否在城镇买房仅对愿意转为城镇户口层次下的农户退出意愿有着显著影响;家庭年收入仅对不愿意转为城镇户口层次下的农户退出意愿有着显著影响。研究最后提出了促进宅基地退出工作进行的对策建议:完善农村土地产权登记制度;充分尊重农民意愿;充分发挥基层宣传力度;建立统筹城乡的公共服务体系。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization and industrialization in China, the contradiction between urban and rural construction land and agricultural land, especially cultivated land, has become increasingly prominent. It is of great significance to protect farmers' rights and interests, maintain social stability, realize the overall development of urban and rural areas, and promote the reform of rural land property rights system. At the same time, the ununified household registration system and land system block the feasibility of homestead withdrawal. The process of capitalization of homestead. To this end, the state and various regions have formulated and implemented a series of issues conducive to solving the current land resource shortage. To promote the rural residents to withdraw from the homestead to the urban transfer and maintain their basic urban living conditions. Based on this, this paper uses the method of empirical analysis to provide policy advice for guiding farmers to withdraw from the homestead in an orderly manner. It also optimizes the use of homestead resources for those in power, promotes land consolidation, protects cultivated land, and improves the efficiency of rural land use. This paper uses 445 farmers' questionnaire data obtained from field research as the research data source, systematically analyzes the current situation of homestead utilization and the farmers' cognition of homestead property right. Based on the introduction of fictitious variables (whether or not willing to turn into urban hukou), the dual Logistic regression model is used to select individual factors and household factors. Three kinds of factors, such as cognitive factors of homestead property rights, are independent variables to analyze the influencing factors of farmers' willingness to withdraw from homestead, which are willing to turn into urban hukou and unwilling to turn into urban hukou, respectively. By analyzing the situation of homestead utilization and farmers' cognition of homestead property right, we can know that most peasant households have the condition of "one family with more houses" and land area exceeding the standard, and at present, the peasants do not know much about the policy of homestead management. At the level of farmers willing to switch to urban hukou, the factors that affect the farmers' willingness to withdraw from homestead are age, education level and cognition of homestead ownership. At the level of farmers who do not want to turn into urban hukou, the factors that affect the farmers' willingness to withdraw from homestead are age, annual income, proportion of family support, cognition of homestead ownership. Through the comparative analysis of the results, it is concluded that the willingness of the farmers to withdraw from the homestead is affected by the individual factors of the farmers, the family factors of the farmers, The cognitive factors of the homestead property right have the same influence on the farmers' withdrawal intention, but they have different influence on the farmers' willingness to turn into urban hukou level and the rural households' unwillingness to turn to urban hukou level. Education level, the proportion of family support, whether to buy a house in a town only has a significant impact on the willingness of farmers to quit at the level of urban hukou. The annual income of the family only has a significant effect on the withdrawal intention of the farmers who do not want to change to the level of urban hukou. Finally, the paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the homestead withdrawal: perfecting the registration system of rural land property rights; Fully respect the wishes of farmers; give full play to grass-roots propaganda; establish a coordinated urban and rural public service system.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F321.1

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