滇西边境山区多维贫困测度研究
发布时间:2018-04-08 12:03
本文选题:滇西边境山区 切入点:多维贫困 出处:《云南大学》2015年硕士论文
【摘要】:滇西边境山区是国家新一轮扶贫开发攻坚战主战场中边境县数量和世居少数民族最多的集中连片特殊困难地区。对滇西边境山区的贫困状况从多维度进行评估和监测,是扶贫开发工作的重要组成部分。通过测度评估,掌握农村居民各方面生产生活状况,分解判断各方面需求的迫切程度,不仅能为精准扶贫的反贫困政策制定提供参考依据,也能为监测和评估反贫困成果提供方法。 本研究首先从维度的选取和多维贫困指数的选取两条主线梳理了贫困测度的方法,总结了不同的测度指标并横向比较各指标的优劣;之后,进一步选用“Alkire—Foster方法”,以抽样调查获取数据,对滇西边境山区住房、教育、医疗保障、电力、交通、饮用水、生活能源、卫生设施和信息技术这9个维度进行多维贫困测度。对102个样本进行多维贫困测算结果显示,当K=1时(即只考虑任意一个维度的贫困状况时),贫困发生率为77.5%,说明绝大多数家庭还处在至少一个维度上的贫困状态。而随着着K取值增加,即考虑更多维度状况时,贫困发生率随之下降;当K取1、2、3时,多维贫困指数分别为0.147、0.105和0.048,都高于权威学者测度的2009年的全国水平;当K=4时,多维贫困指数为0.009;而当K≥5时,指数数值为0。说明随着考虑的维度的增加,滇西边境山区的贫困状况明显降低,而且几乎不存在5个以上维度同时贫困的现象。将多维贫困指数按维度分解,发现片区农村家庭目前仍然存在着不同维度的贫困,其中生活能源、住房和卫生设施对多维贫困指数的贡献最大;将多维贫困指数按地区分解,发现对多维贫困指数贡献率最高的地区主要为大理、怒江和西双版纳。 回顾整个研究,本文得出以下基本结论:第一,贫困测度应当从多维方向进行,目前以人均纯收入衡量贫困与否方法缺乏具体政策指向性;第二,滇西边境山区反贫困取得了一定成就,下一步需重点突破,应主要改善居民生活能源、住房和卫生设施方面;第三,滇西边境山区不同维度、不同区域的贫困状况不一,反贫困措施应因人而异、因地制宜,扶贫政策应当适当依次向大理、怒江和西双版纳等地区倾斜。 最后,总结研究过程和结果,本文近一步从扶贫对象的目标瞄准、贫困状况的测度评估、扶贫措施的优选三个方面提出了针对性意见,并对研究过程体现出的一些问题提出讨论和展望。
[Abstract]:The border mountainous area of western Yunnan is the most concentrated and difficult area in the main battle field of the new round of national poverty alleviation and development, the number of border counties and the number of ethnic minorities living in the world are the most.It is an important part of poverty alleviation and development to assess and monitor the poverty situation in western Yunnan border mountain area from multiple dimensions.Through measurement and evaluation, we can grasp the production and living conditions of rural residents in all aspects, decompose and judge the urgency of the needs of all aspects, which can not only provide a reference basis for the accurate anti-poverty policy formulation of poverty alleviation.It can also provide a way to monitor and evaluate the results of anti-poverty.This study first combs the methods of poverty measurement from the two main lines of dimension selection and multidimensional poverty index selection, summarizes the different measurement indexes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of each index horizontally, then further selects "Alkire-Foster method".Based on the data obtained from the sample survey, the multidimensional poverty measurement was carried out on the nine dimensions of housing, education, medical security, electricity, transportation, drinking water, domestic energy, sanitation facilities and information technology in western Yunnan border mountain areas.The multidimensional poverty index is 0. 009, and when K 鈮,
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