生态补偿机制下林业经营资产组合问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 02:31

本文选题：生态补偿 + 资产组合　；参考：《中南林业科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着全球生态环境日趋恶化,为改善生态环境,人们日益重视森林生态服务功能。森林生态服务依托的载体是森林资源,森林资源作为公共产品具有典型的外部性,容易造成“搭便车”和“公地悲剧”现象。因此,生态补偿作为生态环境保护的一种经济手段,可以有效地达到激励人们保护生态环境的目的。我国林业经营已进入可持续发展的新阶段,生态补偿使林业经营收入从传统的单一形式扩展到多种形式。与此同时,生态补偿将会导致延迟采伐产生机会成本。如何在满足生态补偿的条件下,合理采伐林木和配置资产,将成为林业经营未来亟需解决的问题。当前,我国的森林生态补偿政策的实施对仅象为公益林,公益林是限制采伐或禁止采伐的。然而,在国外发达国家如挪威、芬兰,在森林私有化的前提下,对生态补偿和林业经营拥有双向选择。因此,从长远发展来看,研究生态补偿机制下林业经营资产组合问题,对我国而言具有深远意义。基于此,本文借鉴现有的理论和方法,引入资产组合理论,在满足生态补偿机制的约束条件下,构建资产组合理论模型,对林业经营资产组合问题进行仿真模拟研究,从而提出生态补偿政策的制定与调整和林业经营决策的建议与参考。文章主要运用了现代投资组合理论,采用了文献法、问卷调查法、数据分析法、模型法和敏感性分析法,对生态补偿机制下林业经营资产组合相关内容进行了研究。通过对生态补偿理论的研究,得出生态补偿具有一定价格标准,且生态补偿标准的变动会引起人们行为的改变,继而对林业经营资产组合进行了研究,并详细阐述了林业经营资产组合的内涵和投资工具的选择。之后,运用林业经营资产组合模型求得在现有生态补偿标准为7元/亩时的最优资产组合,其中林业经营占比76.21%,债券占比11.92%,股票占比2.81%,银行存款占比9.05%。并对生态补偿标准、风险厌恶系数进行了敏感性分析,从模拟结果可知,林业经营最优资产组合的构成比例受这两种因素变动的影响。文章最后从政府,市场,林业经营主体三个层面提出政策与管理建议。
[Abstract]:With the deterioration of the global ecological environment, people pay more and more attention to the forest ecological service function in order to improve the ecological environment.The carrier of forest ecological service is forest resources. As a public product, forest resources have typical externalities, which can easily lead to "hitchhiking" and "tragedy of the common land".Therefore, as an economic means of ecological environment protection, ecological compensation can effectively encourage people to protect ecological environment.Forestry management in China has entered a new stage of sustainable development. Ecological compensation has extended forestry management income from traditional single form to multiple forms.At the same time, ecological compensation will lead to delayed logging opportunity costs.How to rationally harvest trees and allocate assets under the condition of ecological compensation will be an urgent problem for forestry management in the future.At present, the implementation of forest ecological compensation policy in China is just like that of public welfare forest, which is restricted or prohibited.However, in foreign developed countries such as Norway and Finland, under the premise of forest privatization, ecological compensation and forestry management have a two-way choice.Therefore, in the long run, it is of great significance to study the portfolio of forestry management under the ecological compensation mechanism.Based on this, this paper uses the existing theories and methods for reference, introduces the portfolio theory, under the constraint condition of the ecological compensation mechanism, constructs the portfolio theory model, and carries on the simulation research to the forestry management asset combination problem.The suggestions and references of the formulation and adjustment of ecological compensation policy and the decision of forestry management are put forward.This paper mainly uses the modern investment portfolio theory, adopts the literature method, the questionnaire survey method, the data analysis method, the model method and the sensitivity analysis method, has carried on the research to the forestry management asset combination related content under the ecological compensation mechanism.Through the study of ecological compensation theory, it is concluded that ecological compensation has a certain price standard, and the change of ecological compensation standard will cause the change of people's behavior.And elaborated the forestry management asset combination connotation and the investment tool choice in detail.After that, the optimal portfolio of forestry management assets is obtained when the ecological compensation standard is 7 yuan / mu, in which the forestry management occupies 76.21%, the bond 11.92%, the stock 2.81%, the bank account 9.05%.Based on the sensitivity analysis of ecological compensation standard and risk aversion coefficient, it can be seen from the simulation results that the proportion of the optimal portfolio of forestry management is affected by the changes of these two factors.Finally, the paper puts forward policy and management suggestions from three levels: government, market and forestry management subject.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.2;F302.6

【相似文献】