湖南省湘西土家族苗族自治州反贫困财政政策研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 10:19

本文选题：反贫困 + 财政　；参考：《中国财政科学研究院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：贫困问题是世界各地普遍存在的问题,其产生的危害极其深远,不仅严重影响个体自身的发展,同时也严重阻碍了社会的发展,反贫困已成为人类发展所必须面临的重大挑战。边远少数民族地区长期以来都是中国贫困程度最深、贫困面最广的地带,湘西土家族苗族自治州是一个典型的贫困民族地区,其贫困问题一直制约着当地的发展。由于反贫困工作的公共性,财政必然是其最主要力量,政府投入大量资金,制定一系列政策致力于解决贫困问题。经过多年财政反贫困工作,湘西自治州绝对贫困人口大幅下降,但与全国相比,贫困问题依旧突出。2011年末,中共中央、国务院印发《中国农村扶贫开发纲要(2011-2020)》,提出新时期反贫困工作的总体目标及主要任务,2013年习总书记提出精准扶贫的理论,都标志着中国反贫困工作进入了一个新阶段。本文主要采用理论与实际相结合及定量分析与定性分析相结合的研究方法,对湘西自治州财政反贫困进行理论和实证分析,结合湘西自治州实情提出相应对策。本文的研究,促进湘西自治州地区经济发展、人均收入提高,其他民族地区财政反贫困工作的推进,促进社会稳定、民族团结,确保全国人民共同富裕、小康社会的全面建成,都有较强的现实意义。本文旨在以理论研究为基础,研究湘西自治州财政反贫困工作的效果及问题,并提出相应政策建议。本文结合民族地区贫困的特殊性建立了理论研究的框架,并在理论研究的框架下,实地调研湘西自治州贫困现状并分析其成因,回顾反贫困财政政策并总结其问题,提出建立财政统筹,政府、市场、个人三方高度参与的反贫困模式、明确各级政府在扶贫中的支出责任、加大财政资金投入、发挥财政资金种子效应,撬动社会资本参与扶贫、加大科学技术及教育投资、整合扶贫资金,完善考核督查问责机制、加大税收及社保政策扶持力度七个方面政策建议。并在论文最后提出,对于民族地区根深蒂固的贫困现状,必须强调政府及财政的重要地位和作用,必须加强市场及贫困人口个人的参与程度,必须以益贫性增长的模式发展当地经济,使贫困人口在发展过程中真正从中受益,均衡社会财富,达到共同富裕的目的。
[Abstract]:Poverty is a common problem in all parts of the world. Its harm is extremely far-reaching. It not only seriously affects the individual's own development, but also seriously hinders the development of society. Anti-poverty has become a major challenge to human development.The remote minority areas have long been the most impoverished areas in China. The Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Western Hunan is a typical poor minority area, and its poverty problem has been restricting the local development.Due to the public nature of anti-poverty work, finance is the most important force. The government has invested a lot of funds and made a series of policies to solve the poverty problem.After years of financial anti-poverty work, the absolute poverty population in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture has dropped significantly, but compared with the whole country, the poverty problem is still prominent. At the end of 2011, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,The State Council issued the outline of Poverty Alleviation and Development in China's Rural areas 2011-2020, putting forward the overall objectives and main tasks of anti-poverty work in the new period. In 2013, General Secretary Xi put forward the theory of accurate poverty alleviation, all of which marked a new stage in China's anti-poverty work.This article mainly adopts the research method of combining theory and practice, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, carries on the theoretical and empirical analysis to the fiscal anti-poverty of Xiangxi autonomous prefecture, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasure combining with the reality of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture.The research in this paper promotes the economic development of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, the increase of per capita income, the promotion of financial anti-poverty work in other minority areas, the promotion of social stability, national unity, ensuring the common prosperity of the whole nation, and the building of a well-off society in an all-round way.All have strong practical significance.The purpose of this paper is to study the effects and problems of fiscal anti-poverty work in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture on the basis of theoretical research, and put forward corresponding policy suggestions.Based on the particularity of poverty in ethnic minority areas, this paper establishes a framework for theoretical research. Under the framework of theoretical research, this paper investigates the present situation of poverty in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture and analyzes its causes, reviews the anti-poverty fiscal policy and summarizes its problems.It is proposed to establish a tripartite anti-poverty model in which the government, the government, the market and the individual participate highly, clarify the expenditure responsibility of the governments at all levels in poverty alleviation, increase the financial capital input, give play to the seed effect of the financial funds, and leverage social capital to participate in poverty alleviation.We should increase investment in science and technology and education, integrate funds for poverty alleviation, improve the mechanism of examination and supervision and accountability, and increase tax and social security policy support in seven aspects of policy recommendations.At the end of the paper, we must emphasize the important position and role of government and finance to the deep-rooted poverty situation in ethnic areas, and strengthen the market and the individual participation of poor people.It is necessary to develop the local economy with the mode of increasing poverty in order to make the poor population benefit from it, balance the social wealth and achieve the goal of common prosperity.
【学位授予单位】：中国财政科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8

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