农民工内部分化及市民化水平差异研究

发布时间：2018-04-23 06:41

本文选题：农民工 + 内部分化　；参考：《西北师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：农民工是我国工业化和现代化进程中出现的一个过渡性群体,根据发展经济学理论和国际经验,实现市民化是这一群体的根本出路,这是工业化、城镇化发展的必然趋势,对“三农”问题的解决和全面建设小康社会具有重要意义。在经济社会结构转型、人口结构转变、劳动力市场发生变化的背景下,农民工群体的内部分化现象日益明显,使得农民工问题更加复杂,这就决定了农民工市民化的实现是一项长期的、艰巨的社会工程,不可操之过急,必须分步、有序推进。因此研究农民工内部分化问题对实现农民工市民化具有重要的意义。本文以社会分层理论和劳动力迁移理论为基础,首先对农民工内部分化的原因进行了宏观和微观层面的分析,然后利用社会调查数据,对被调查农民工进行了聚类分析,分析了聚合的各类农民工的群体特征,并进一步测算了各类农民工的市民化水平,研究发现各类农民工呈现出不同的群体特征并且市民化水平存在较大差异,最后针对性地提出了加快推进农民工市民化进程的政策建议。本文的主要内容有以下四个部分:第一部分是研究基础,对应文章的第1章和第2章。主要介绍了这篇文章的研究背景、目的、意义、思路以及可能的创新点和不足,对相关概念进行了界定,对相关理论和已有研究进行了综述。第二部分是理论分析,对应文章的第3章。宏观层面从工业化和城市化进程加速推进、农村改革不断深化、人口结构转变、劳动力市场结构发生变化这四个方面分析了农民工群体内部不断分化的原因,微观层面从农民工自身角度分析了其发生分化的原因。第三部分是实证分析,对应文章的第4章和第5章。这部分首先在实际调查数据的基础上,选取年龄、受教育年限、外出打工时间、打工收入、年消费这5个变量,用K-means Cluster方法将被调查农民工分为四类,并分析了各类农民工的群体特征,在此基础上构建了农民工市民化水平测算的指标体系,对聚合的四类农民工特别是其中的新生代农民工的市民化水平进行了测算,结果表明被调查农民工目前总体上处于中市民化阶段,其中第一、二、三、四类农民工的市民化水平依次提高,并且新生代农民工的市民化水平高于总体的平均水平。第四部分是政策建议,对应文章的第6章。根据以上研究,提出从破除制度障碍、提升农民工的资本水平、构建合理的成本分担机制、差异化推进市民化进程、特别关注新生代农民工的发展等方面加快推进农民工市民化进程。
[Abstract]:Migrant workers are a transitional group in the process of industrialization and modernization in China. According to the theory of development economics and international experience, the realization of citizenship is the basic outlet of this group, which is the inevitable trend of industrialization and urbanization. It is of great significance to solve the problem of "agriculture, countryside and farmers" and to build a well-off society in an all-round way. Under the background of economic and social structure transformation, population structure change and labor market change, the phenomenon of internal differentiation of migrant workers is becoming more and more obvious, which makes the problem of migrant workers more complex. This determines that the realization of migrant workers' citizenship is a long-term, arduous social engineering, must not act too hastily, must step by step, orderly promotion. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the internal differentiation of migrant workers to realize the urbanization of migrant workers. Based on the theory of social stratification and the theory of labor migration, this paper analyzes the causes of the internal differentiation of migrant workers at the macro and micro levels, and then makes cluster analysis of the migrant workers investigated by using the social survey data. This paper analyzes the collective characteristics of all kinds of migrant workers, and further measures the level of urbanization of all kinds of migrant workers, and finds that all kinds of migrant workers have different group characteristics and different levels of urbanization. Finally, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to speed up the process of promoting the urbanization of migrant workers. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the first part is the research foundation, corresponding chapters 1 and 2. This paper mainly introduces the research background, purpose, significance, train of thought, possible innovation points and shortcomings of this article, defines the related concepts, and summarizes the relevant theories and existing studies. The second part is the theoretical analysis, corresponding to the third chapter of the article. At the macro level, the reasons for the continuous differentiation of migrant workers are analyzed from the four aspects of accelerating industrialization and urbanization, deepening rural reform, changing the population structure and changing the structure of labor market. Micro-level from the perspective of migrant workers themselves to analyze the causes of differentiation. The third part is empirical analysis, corresponding to the fourth and fifth chapters of the article. Based on the actual survey data, this part selects five variables: age, years of education, time to go out to work, income of migrant workers, and annual consumption. Using K-means Cluster method, the migrant workers surveyed are divided into four categories. On the basis of analyzing the group characteristics of all kinds of migrant workers, this paper constructs an index system to measure the urbanization level of migrant workers, and calculates the level of urbanization of the four kinds of migrant workers, especially the new generation of migrant workers. The results show that the level of urbanization of the first, second, third and fourth types of migrant workers increases in turn, and the level of urbanization of the new generation of migrant workers is higher than the average level of the whole. The fourth part is the policy recommendations, corresponding to the article chapter 6. According to the above research, it is proposed to break down the institutional barriers, improve the capital level of migrant workers, construct a reasonable cost sharing mechanism, and promote the process of city citizenship by differentiation. Pay special attention to the development of the new generation of migrant workers, and accelerate the process of promoting the urbanization of migrant workers.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.6;F299.2

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