河南省黄淮粮区种养一体家庭农场发展问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 08:02

本文选题：循环农业 + 家庭农场　；参考：《河南财经政法大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：农业是国家发展的基础产业,为其他产业的发展提供必需的资源。家庭农场自2013年以来国家高度关注的新型经营主体之一,是我国传统农业向现代农业转变的重要形式。河南省作为我国粮食生产核心区,黄淮粮区无疑是核心中的核心,黄淮粮区作为农产品主产区,家庭农场的不断发展有利于加快黄淮粮区农业现代化进程,有利于推进农村的改革发展,有利于促进“三农”问题的解决。本文利用农户发展理论、循环经济理论和生态经济学等理论,采用调查研究、案例分析和描述性分析等方法对黄淮粮区种养一体的家庭农场的现状进行细致的描述,并分析其发展过程中存在的问题及成因,为种养一体型家庭农场的发展提供理论和经验上的支持。本文通过归纳分析两种代表性的种植与养殖相结合的模式,对其发展中存在问题及成因进行梳理。分析中通过对两种模式在规模、经营品种、循环模式的物质流和价值流分析,物质流方面得出两种模式在输入和输出的物质构成上,“粮-菜(果)-食粮牲畜”循环农业模式的物质流失较少,生态效益比较明显,符合农业可持续发展;价值流方面,通过分对总成本、总收入、成本利润率和经济产投比四个指标得出“粮-菜(果)-食粮牲畜”循环农业模式比“粮-食草牲畜”循环农业模式的经济效益高,属于高投入高产出,风险规避能力较强。最后对两种模式家庭农场在粪便利用、产品质量和技术采用等方面进行比较分析。黄淮粮区种养一体化家庭农场间差异较大;土地权利与市场化程度较高的金融业不匹配;家庭农场经营者整体素质偏低;对种养间的能量循环利用重视度较低,大多仅在传统堆肥沤肥方式的基础上稍作改良,仍与“3R”原则有较大差距。研究得出,种养结合家庭农场的发展需要以下几点:第一,政府对于家庭农场进行政策支持和财政投入;第二,农业社会化服务水平的提高;第三,农场经营者需要提升自我素质,重视产品特色、产品质量;第四,采用生态化设备,重视并发展循环农业。本文的创新点在于将家庭农场发展模式的问题细化到种养一体型,更具有针对性,同时,将生态经济和循环发展融入到家庭农场的发展中。本文的不足在于由于数据量较小,可能存在全面性不足的问题。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the basic industry of national development, which provides necessary resources for the development of other industries. Since 2013, family farm has been one of the new management subjects, which is an important form of transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. Henan Province is the core area of grain production in our country, the Huanghuai grain area is undoubtedly the core of the core. As the main agricultural production area, the continuous development of family farms is conducive to speeding up the process of agricultural modernization in the Huang-Huai grain area. It is conducive to promoting the reform and development of rural areas and promoting the solution of the "three rural" problems. In this paper, the development theory of farmers, the theory of circular economy and the theory of ecological economics are used to describe the present situation of the family farm in Huanghuai grain area by means of investigation, case analysis and descriptive analysis. The problems and causes in the process of development are analyzed to provide theoretical and empirical support for the development of the integrated family farm. In this paper, two representative patterns of planting and breeding are summarized and analyzed, and the existing problems and causes of their development are combed out. By analyzing the material flow and value flow of the two models in terms of scale, operating variety, circulation mode and value flow, the material composition of the two models in terms of input and output is obtained in the analysis. The circulation agriculture model of "food and vegetable (fruit, vegetable, food and livestock)" has less material loss and obvious ecological benefits, which is in line with the sustainable development of agriculture. In the aspect of value stream, the total cost and total income are divided into two parts. The cost profit rate and the ratio of economic output to investment are four indexes. It is concluded that the circular agriculture model of "grain-vegetable (fruit and vegetable)" has higher economic benefits than that of "grain-herbivorous livestock", which belongs to high input and high output, and the ability of risk aversion is stronger than that of "grain-herbivorous livestock". Finally, the fecal utilization, product quality and technology of the two kinds of family farms were compared and analyzed. There are great differences among the family farms in the Huanghuai grain area; the financial industry with a high degree of land rights and marketization does not match; the overall quality of the family farm operators is low; and the energy recycling between planting and raising is less valued. Most of them are only slightly improved on the basis of traditional compost composting, and still have a big gap with the "3R" principle. The research shows that the development of family farm combined with planting and raising needs the following points: first, the government carries out policy support and financial investment to the family farm; second, the improvement of socialized service level of agriculture; third, Farm operators need to improve their own quality, pay attention to product characteristics and product quality; fourth, adopt ecological equipment, attach importance to and develop circular agriculture. The innovation of this paper is to refine the development model of family farm to the type of planting and raising, and at the same time, to integrate ecological economy and circular development into the development of family farm. The deficiency of this paper lies in the fact that the data amount is small and there may be the problem of comprehensive insufficiency.
【学位授予单位】：河南财经政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F324.1

【参考文献】