泰安市岱岳区农民市民化问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 02:30

本文选题：农民 + 市民化　；参考：《山东农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：农民市民化是一个相对较新的提法,它是当前农村剩余劳动力转移的措施之一,是推进城市化进程的有效手段,同时也是城乡一体化的重要体现。农民市民化表现为一种外在环境的变化,更体现了一种生存状态、思想观念等内涵的转变。本文以泰安市岱岳区为例来探讨农民市民化问题,通过岱岳区这一典型来探讨农民"非农化"以后的市民化需求问题。本文得出的主要结论包括以下几点:(1)近几年来,岱岳区新增农村劳动力转移就业10.67万人,农民的非农就业收入不断提高,从事农业的意愿也不断下降,存在粗放经营甚至抛荒的现象。随着经济的发展,小规模的农业生产难以应对城市各类竞争,因此发展规模经营是实现农业现代化的必然选择。(2)实地调研发现:农民工较低的工资收入与物价、生活成本的不断攀升形成巨大反差,给予农民工巨大的生活压力。此外,受工作的高质量要求、频繁的职业培训、传统小农思想和怀旧心理的影响,农民工的自信心严重受挫,逐渐形成焦虑、急躁、抑郁的情绪波动;工作稳定性和收入方面,目前岱岳区农民工在城市就业呈现长期化、稳定化的发展趋势;农民工月平均工资大都在1500元—3500元之间;工作获取渠道方面,当前农民工的就业渠道还是主要依靠原始的社交网络;是否愿意在城市中落户方面,45.6%的愿意在城市落户,23%表示不愿意,31.4%表示"不一定、看情况",并分别分析了农民工是否愿意落户的原因。(3)岱岳区在农民市民化的工作经验主要包括:实施就业优先战略,扩大就业渠道、加大资金支持力度,促进自主创业、统筹推进高校毕业生就业、实施困难人员就业援助计划和加强农民工就业服务和管理。(4)岱岳区农民市民化过程中存在的具体问题包括:现行城乡政策存有较大差异、城乡公共资源配置不均衡、落户政策宣传不足、农业转移人口整体素质较低和农民工收入水平较低。(5)推动岱岳区农民市民化的对策建议主要包括:加大政策支持,积极做好农民工就业工作、提高农民工收入,实施公平的住房政策、完善社会保障制度,切实保障农民工合法权益、提升农民整体素质,维权自身合法意识、切实解决农民工随迁子女教育问题和加快农民工融入城市的社会步伐。
[Abstract]:The citizenization of the peasants is a relatively new formulation. It is one of the measures to transfer the surplus labor force in the countryside at present. It is an effective means to promote the process of urbanization. It is also an important embodiment of the integration of urban and rural areas. This paper takes Daiyue District of Tai'an as an example to discuss the problem of farmers' citizenization. Through this typical example of Daiyue District, the problem of the citizenization demand after farmers' "non farming" is discussed. The main conclusions of this paper include the following points: (1) in recent years, the new rural labor force in Daiyue district has been transferred to 106 thousand and 700 people, and the farmers' non-agricultural employment income is constantly being paid. With the development of economy, small scale agricultural production is difficult to cope with all kinds of urban competition, so developing scale management is the inevitable choice to realize agricultural modernization. (2) research and development in the field: the lower wages and prices of migrant workers, the cost of living, and the cost of living In addition, the high quality requirements, frequent vocational training, traditional small farmers' thought and nostalgic psychology, the self-confidence of migrant workers are seriously frustrated, and the emotional fluctuations of anxiety, impatience and depression are gradually formed, and the stability and income of work are now in the Daiyue district. The employment of migrant workers in the city has become a long-term and stable trend of development; the monthly average wages of migrant workers are mostly between 1500 yuan and 3500 yuan; in the field of job acquisition, the current employment channels of migrant workers are mainly dependent on the original social network; if they are willing to fall in the city, 45.6% are willing to settle in the city, and 23% express their reluctance. 31.4% means "not necessarily, to see the situation", and to analyze the reasons for whether migrant workers are willing to settle down. (3) the work experience of the farmers' Citizenization in Daiyue mainly includes the implementation of the employment priority strategy, the expansion of employment channels, the increase of fund support, the promotion of independent entrepreneurship, the overall promotion of the employment of college graduates and the implementation of the employment aid for the difficult personnel. Help plan and strengthen the employment service and management of migrant workers' employment. (4) the specific problems in the process of farmers' Citizenization in Daiyue District include: there are great differences in the current urban and rural policies, the disequilibrium of urban and rural public resources allocation, the lack of policy publicity, the low overall quality of the agricultural transfer population and the low level of migrant workers' income. (5) promote the agriculture of the rural areas. The countermeasures and suggestions mainly include: strengthening policy support, actively doing a good job of migrant workers' employment, improving the income of migrant workers, implementing a fair housing policy, perfecting the social security system, ensuring the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers, promoting the overall quality of farmers, safeguarding their legitimate consciousness, and effectively solving the problems of their children's education. And speed up the social pace of migrant workers' integration into the city.

【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D422.6;F323.6

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