长沙县水稻收割机推广现状与选型研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 03:22

本文选题：长沙县 + 收割机　；参考：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前,我国政府对农业机械化高度重视,对农业投入的不断增加,长沙县农业机械化水平得到了快速的发展,总体水平达到了历史最好水平,促进了长沙县的农业经济的发展,也很大程度上将农民从繁重的体力劳动中解放出来。本研究是在分析国内外收割机的研究现状和调查长沙县收割机推广的机型、推广的数量、购机补贴情况等的基础上,对整个推广的情况有一个具体的了解,在这个过程中发现长沙县收割机推广过程中存在的问题与不足,包括：自然条件问题、收割机的投入成本高,利用率低、农业基础设施不能满足收割机的工作条件、售后服务跟不上、推广经费不足、宣传力度不够,认识不足、管理和培训体系滞后等七个方面：对存在的问题提出了对策和建议,包括：加快农田的基本设施建设,推行粮田适度规模经营、提高利用率、增大作业量、加大科研能力,提高产品质量,降低产品价格等七个方面,希望这些措施和建议对长沙县收割机的推广具有一定的参考作用。运用模糊评判法对长沙县收割机进行了选型。根据水稻联合收割机的选型原则,确定选型的主要影响因素,包括作业性、经济性、通过性、适应性、可持续性、可维修性、安全性等,并根据专家评判意见,进行权重的确定,得出评判矩阵,最后得出评判结果,即收割机优劣的排列顺序。得出的结论认为,对于长沙县连片的稻田,可以选用井关4LBZ-145C、洋马4LBZJ-140D(AG600)、久保田4LZ-2.5CPRO688Q)收割机。对于小片的稻田,可以选用国产的中天龙舟4LZ-2.2、福田雷沃4LZ-1.8收割机。在运用模糊评判法结果的基础上,对长沙县收割机进行了优化配置。采用非线性规划配备法,以每年的作业成本最低为目标函数,作业量,作业时间,机型数量,非负整数为约束条件,建立了长沙县水稻收割机优化配置的一般模型,运用MATLAB进行求解,得到了长沙县收割机的优化配置方案,对现有的机型数量进行调整,可以为长沙县的收割机的配置提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:At present, the Chinese government attaches great importance to agricultural mechanization, and with the increasing investment in agriculture, the level of agricultural mechanization in Changsha County has developed rapidly, and the overall level has reached the best level in history, which has promoted the development of agricultural economy in Changsha County. To a large extent, farmers are also liberated from heavy physical labor. This study is based on the analysis of the current research situation of the harvesters at home and abroad and the investigation of the models popularized by the harvesters in Changsha County, the quantity popularized, the subsidy situation of purchasing machines, etc., and has a specific understanding of the whole popularization situation. In this process, the problems and shortcomings in the popularization of the harvester in Changsha County are found, including: natural conditions, high input cost of harvester, low utilization rate, and agricultural infrastructure can not meet the working conditions of the harvester. The after-sales service can not keep up with, the promotion funds are insufficient, the propaganda is not enough, the understanding is insufficient, the management and training system lags behind, and so on seven aspects: put forward the countermeasure and suggestion to the existing problems, including: speeding up the construction of the farmland basic facilities, Seven aspects, such as promoting moderate scale operation of grain fields, increasing the utilization rate, increasing the amount of work done, increasing the scientific research capacity, improving the quality of products, and lowering the prices of products, It is hoped that these measures and suggestions will be helpful to the popularization of the harvester in Changsha County. The fuzzy evaluation method is used to select the harvester in Changsha County. According to the selection principle of rice combine harvester, the main influencing factors, including operation, economy, adaptability, sustainability, maintainability, safety and so on, are determined. The weight is determined, the judgment matrix is obtained, and the final judgment result is obtained, that is, the order of the advantages and disadvantages of the harvester. It is concluded that for the rice fields in Changsha County, 4LBZ-145C, 4LBZJ-140DA600 and 4LZ-2.5CPRO688Q) can be selected. For small paddy fields, the domestic Zhongtian Dragon Boat 4 LZ-2.2 and Fukuda Revo 4LZ-1.8 Harvester can be selected. Based on the results of fuzzy evaluation method, the optimal configuration of harvesters in Changsha County was carried out. A general model for optimal allocation of rice harvesters in Changsha County was established by using the nonlinear programming method with the lowest cost of operation as the objective function, the amount of work done, the working time, the number of models and the number of non-negative integers as the constraint conditions. The optimal configuration scheme of the harvester in Changsha County is obtained by using MATLAB, and the quantity of the existing harvester is adjusted, which can provide scientific basis for the configuration of the harvester in Changsha County.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S225.4;F323.3

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