农垦北安管理局科技进步贡献率的测算与分析

发布时间：2018-05-05 21:42

本文选题：农垦北安管理局 + 科技进步　；参考：《黑龙江八一农垦大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：黑龙江垦区是一个集政权、经济和社会于一体的复杂系统，以农业的生产和加工为全区的发展主线，被誉为“中华大粮仓”。农垦北安管理局隶属于黑龙江垦区，下辖15个国有农场。它拥有得天独厚的地理优势，位于世界三大黑土带之一，每年为国家提供50亿斤以上商品粮。农垦北安管理局的种植业、畜牧业、工业等各产业发展均衡，能比较全面的体现垦区科技进步水平，具有一定代表性。客观评价科技因素对北安管理局经济发展的影响，有助于农垦北安科技局提高农垦北安管理局的科技意识，促进全局经济可持续发展。通过对农垦北安管理局数据的初步评估，发现其科技进步贡献率整体呈上升趋势，但是近年增速放缓，有从外延式发展转向集约式发展的趋势，步入了经济发展的新常态。针对农垦北安管理局的实际情况，采用扩展的Cobb-Douglas生产函数模型—索罗余值方法，建立农垦北安管理局2000-2012年期间的科技进步贡献率测算模型，，分别对农垦北安管理局总体、农业和工业的科技进步贡献率进行测算分析。研究结果表明：第一，农垦北安管理局总体科技的贡献程度不断攀升，其中2010-2012年期间波动较大；总体的资本注入水平对其生产总值的作用力大；总体的劳动力贡献增长率与劳动力数量增长率变化趋同。第二，农垦北安管理局农业的科技进步贡献率增长缓慢，但是在2010-2012年期间涨幅较大；农业资本投入量对农业经济增长的推动力大；农业单位劳动力的产出效率在不断提升；北安局耕地利用效率的提升潜力较大。第三，农垦北安管理局工业的科技进步贡献率呈现下滑趋势；增加工业资本的注入量可以显著推动工业经济的增长；农垦北安管理局工业的劳动力贡献增长率波动较大。同时通过计算和对比发现，在假设劳动投入要素和总产值不变的情况下，农垦北安管理局总体的资本投入量的减少有利于其科技进步贡献率的提高，从而促进经济增长。基于以上研究结论，以农垦北安管理局的科技、资本、劳动力以及耕地四个要素为视角，以优化资源配置，减少资本投入和提升科技创新能力为目标，提出四个方面的建议：一是强化农垦北安管理局科技创新的驱动作用；二是优化农垦北安管理局资金配置；三是提高农垦北安管理局的人力资本利用率；四是提高农垦北安管理局的耕地利用率。
[Abstract]:Heilongjiang Reclamation area is a complex system which integrates political power, economy and society. The main line of development of the whole region is agricultural production and processing, which is called "China granary". The Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation North Security is attached to Heilongjiang Reclamation area, under the jurisdiction of 15 state-owned farms. It has a unique geographical advantage, located in the world one of the three big black soil belt, to provide the country with more than 5 billion catties of commodity grain every year. The balanced development of planting, animal husbandry, industry and other industries in the Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation and North Security Administration can comprehensively reflect the level of scientific and technological progress in the reclamation area and is representative to a certain extent. The objective evaluation of the influence of scientific and technological factors on the economic development of Beian Bureau is helpful for the Bureau of Agriculture Reclamation and Bei'an Science and Technology to raise the awareness of science and technology of the Bureau and to promote the sustainable development of the overall economy. Based on the preliminary evaluation of the data of the Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation and Northern Security Administration, it is found that the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress is on the whole rising, but in recent years the growth rate has slowed down, and the trend has changed from the epitaxial development to the intensive development, thus stepping into the new normal of economic development. According to the actual situation of Bei'an Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation, an extended Cobb-Douglas production function model-Solow residual value method is used to set up a model for calculating the contribution rate of science and technology progress in the period 2000-2012 of the Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation North Security Administration. The contribution rate of science and technology progress of agriculture and industry is calculated and analyzed. The results show that: first, the total contribution of science and technology of the Bureau of Agriculture Reclamation and Beian has been increasing, in which the period from 2010 to 2012 has fluctuated greatly, and the total level of capital injection has a great effect on its GDP. The overall growth rate of labor contribution and the change of labor quantity growth rate converge. Second, the contribution rate of agricultural science and technology progress of the Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation and North Security has been increasing slowly, but in the period of 2010-2012, the agricultural capital input has a large driving force on the agricultural economic growth, and the output efficiency of agricultural unit labor force is continuously improving. There is a great potential for improving the utilization efficiency of cultivated land in the North Security Bureau. Third, the contribution rate of science and technology progress of agriculture reclamation Beian administration shows a downward trend, increasing the injection of industrial capital can significantly promote the growth of industrial economy, and the growth rate of labor force contribution of agricultural reclamation Beian administration industry fluctuates greatly. At the same time, through calculation and comparison, it is found that under the assumption that the labor input elements and total output value remain unchanged, the reduction of the total capital input of the Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation Beian is conducive to the increase of the contribution rate of its scientific and technological progress, thus promoting the economic growth. Based on the above conclusions, this paper aims at optimizing the allocation of resources, reducing capital investment and enhancing the ability of scientific and technological innovation from the perspective of science and technology, capital, labor force and cultivated land of the Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation and Northern Security Administration. Four suggestions are put forward: one is to strengthen the driving role of the science and technology innovation of the Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation Bei'an, the other is to optimize the allocation of funds of the Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation Bei'an; third, to improve the utilization rate of human capital of the Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation North Security Administration; Fourth, improve the utilization rate of cultivated land of the Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation and North Security Administration.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江八一农垦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F324.1

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