中国贫困村致贫因素分析及贫困类型划分

发布时间：2018-05-06 11:57

本文选题：贫困村 + 多维贫困度量　；参考：《地理学报》2017年10期

【摘要】：精确度量行政村贫困特征是当前贫困精准识别及全面脱贫的国家战略需要。基于"十二五"期间全国"整村推进"贫困村数据,构建空间贫困视角下的多维贫困度量模型综合测算全国范围内贫困村的贫困程度,基于指标贡献度分解与线性回归方法挖掘贫困村的致贫因素,利用最小方差模型(LSE)区分贫困村的贫困类型,并结合空间计量分析技术揭示贫困村的空间分布分异特征,为面向2020年全面脱贫的国家战略提供辅助决策支撑。结果表明:(1)中国贫困村近一半处于中度贫困,且贫困程度与贫困规模存在显著的地域性。(2)通路情况较差、自然灾害频发、收入水平低下、劳动力状况不佳是中国贫困村的主要致贫因素,显著性指标包括通路率、地貌类型、遭受自然灾害频次、人均纯收入、劳动力比例、劳动力文化素质等。(3)中国贫困村整体呈多因素致贫,三因素支配型、四因素协同型、五因素联合型贫困分布相对较高。(4)"整村推进"扶贫工作初见成效,对促进贫困村可持续发展起到了较好的推进作用,但贫困村具有各自贫困特征,需进一步地因地制宜,因村施策,开展针对性帮扶工作。
[Abstract]:Precision measurement of poverty in administrative villages is the national strategic need for accurate identification of poverty and overall poverty eradication. Based on the "whole village advance" poverty village data of the whole country during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, a multi-dimensional poverty measurement model under the perspective of spatial poverty is constructed to estimate the poverty degree of the impoverished villages in the whole country. Based on the method of index contribution decomposition and linear regression, the poverty factors of poor villages are excavated, and the poverty types of poor villages are distinguished by using the minimum variance model (LSE), and the spatial distribution and differentiation characteristics of poor villages are revealed by using spatial econometric analysis technology. For the 2020-oriented national strategy for the overall eradication of poverty to provide support for decision-making. The results show that nearly half of the poor villages in China are in moderate poverty, and the degree of poverty and the scale of poverty are significantly regional, the situation is poor, the natural disasters occur frequently, and the income level is low. Poor labor force is the main cause of poverty in poor villages in China. The significant indicators include road rate, geomorphologic type, frequency of natural disasters, per capita net income, labor force ratio, The overall poverty reduction in China's poor villages is characterized by multiple factors, three factors dominating, four factors cooperating, and five factors combined with each other. The distribution of poverty is relatively high. It has played a better role in promoting the sustainable development of poor villages, but the poor villages have their own characteristics of poverty, which need to be further adapted to local conditions, because of village policy, to carry out targeted help work.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学资源环境与地理信息系统北京市重点实验室;首都师范大学三维信息获取与应用教育部重点实验室;首都师范大学城市环境过程与数字模拟国家重点实验室培育基地;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41771157) “十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAH33B03) 首都师范大学交叉科研项目;首都师范大学青年科研创新团队项目~~
【分类号】：F323.8

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