外商直接投资对中国农业产业安全的影响分析

发布时间：2018-05-12 01:09

本文选题：外商直接投资 + 农业　；参考：《上海海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着改革开放的推进,农业成为外商直接投资最早进入的行业之一,中国也由此成为世界上农业和农产品开放程度较高的国家之一。外商直接投资进入我国农业于我国而言有利有弊,一方面有助于弥补我国国内农业投资的不足,还有利于提升我国农业科技水平、促进贸易发展、转变农业发展方式等。但另一方面也可能为我国农业带来农产品资源受控、失去市场定价权等一系列风险。特别是随着中国加入WTO和经济全球化程度的不断加深,外商直接投资在我国农业领域的渗透力不断加深的同时也一次次为我国农业产业安全敲响警钟。农业作为一国国民经济的基础,其产业安全更是国家经济安全的基石,其重要性不言而喻。与此同时,2016年中国政府工作报告明确提出,要推进中美、中欧贸易投资协定谈判进程,双方在深入协作的同时农业亦是合作的重点领域之一。在此形势下,为有效防范我国农业产业安全受到威胁,对外商直接投资对中国农业产业安全产生的影响进行测算具有极为重要的现实意义。本文在梳理和借鉴前人研究的基础上,构建了农业产业安全的评价指标体系,运用定性与定量相结合的方法对外商直接投资对我国农业产业安全的影响进行分析。首先分析了外商直接投资对我国农业产业安全的影响机理,包括资本挤出效应、技术控制、贸易依赖和资源环境损害,肯定了外商直接投资对我国农业产业安全的作用。接着,本文阐述了我国农业利用外商直接投资的现状,包括对总量现状、地域现状、来源现状和对产业链的渗透的分析,总结出我国农业在利用外商直接投资的过程中的特点,包括:总量规模偏小,地域及细分行业分布不平衡等。然后,本文根据农业产业安全评价指标体系,构建了多元回归模型,选取2000-2014年的数据进行回归,从农业发展力、农业竞争力、农业对外依存度、农业受控力四个角度分别对外商直接投资给我国农业产业安全带来的影响进行测算。实证结果表明:(1)从农业发展力的角度分析,农业外商直接投资的增加将导致农业产业安全度一定程度上的上升。(2)从农业竞争力的角度分析,农业外商直接投资的增加将导致农业安全度一定程度上的下降。(3)从农业对外依存度的角度分析,农业外商直接投资的增加将导致农业产业安全度一定程度上的下降。(4)从农业受控力的角度分析,农业外商直接投资的增加将导致农业产业安全度一定程度上的下降。也就是说,农业外商直接投资确实有利于我国农业经济发展,但在一定程度上削弱了我国国内农业企业的自主竞争力,同时农业外商直接投资的增加加大了我国对外依存的程度而减弱了对本国农业的控制力。最后,基于对我国农业利用外商直接投资现状的分析和实证分析结果,本文认为,保护我国农业产业安全应从农业发展力、农业竞争力、农业对外依存度、农业控制力四方面入手,同步推进。可以通过提高粮食生产力、保护耕地和加大对农业教育的投入来提升我国农业发展力;通过发展农业科技、提高农业组织水平、培养本国龙头企业来提高我国农业竞争力;通过调整农业结构、加强农产品进口监测、重视农产品非价格竞争力来控制我国农业对外依存度;通过建立农业安全预警机制、控制外资集中度来加强我国对农业的控制力。但与此同时,我们也必须清楚的意识到,保护农业产业安全绝不是偏激的将外资拒之门外,而是应该合理的使用外资,实现我国农业健康有序的发展。
[Abstract]:With the promotion of reform and opening up, agriculture has become one of the earliest industries with foreign direct investment. China has also become one of the countries with higher agricultural and agricultural products opening up in the world. Foreign direct investment has advantages and disadvantages in China's agriculture. On the one hand, it can help to make up for the shortage of domestic agricultural investment, and also help to make up for the shortage of agricultural investment in our country. It is beneficial to promote the level of agricultural science and technology, promote trade development and change the way of agricultural development. On the other hand, it may also bring a series of risks, such as the control of agricultural products resources and the loss of market pricing power for our agriculture. Especially, with the deepening of China's entry into the WTO and the degree of economic globalization, foreign direct investment is in the agricultural collar of China. Meanwhile, as the foundation of the national economy, agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, and its industrial security is the cornerstone of the national economic security, and its importance is self-evident. At the same time, the report of the Chinese government in 2016 made it clear that the trade and investment agreements between China and the United States should be promoted. In this situation, in this situation, it is of great significance to measure the impact of foreign direct investment on the safety of China's agricultural industry in order to effectively prevent the threat of the safety of our agricultural industry. On the basis of this, the evaluation index system of agricultural industry safety is constructed, and the influence of foreign direct investment on the safety of agricultural industry in China is analyzed by combining qualitative and quantitative methods. First, the influence mechanism of foreign direct investment on the safety of agricultural industry in China is analyzed, including capital extrusion effect, technology control, trade dependence and dependence. The effect of foreign direct investment on the safety of agricultural industry in China is affirmed. Then, this paper expounds the current situation of the utilization of foreign direct investment in agriculture in China, including the present situation, the present situation, the current situation of the source and the penetration of the industrial chain, and summarizes the characteristics of China's agriculture in the process of utilizing foreign direct investment. Point, including: the size of the total size is small, and the distribution of regional and subdivision industries is uneven. Then, according to the agricultural industry safety evaluation index system, a multiple regression model is constructed, and the data of 2000-2014 years are selected to return, from the agricultural development power, agricultural competitiveness, agricultural dependence and agricultural control in four aspects of direct foreign direct. The impact of the investment on the safety of agricultural industry in China is calculated. The empirical results show that: (1) from the perspective of agricultural development power, the increase of agricultural foreign direct investment will lead to a certain increase in the degree of agricultural industry safety. (2) from the perspective of agricultural competitiveness, the increase of agricultural foreign direct investment will lead to the agricultural safety degree. A certain degree of decline. (3) from the angle of agricultural dependence, the increase of agricultural foreign direct investment will lead to a certain decline in the degree of agricultural industry safety. (4) from the angle of agricultural control, the increase of agricultural foreign direct investment will lead to a certain decline in the degree of agricultural industry safety. That is, agriculture. Foreign direct investment is indeed beneficial to the development of agricultural economy in China, but to a certain extent, it weakens the autonomous competitiveness of domestic agricultural enterprises in our country. At the same time, the increase of foreign direct investment in agriculture has increased the degree of dependence of our country and weakened the control of agriculture in our country. Finally, it is based on the direct investment in agricultural use of our country. According to the analysis and the results of the empirical analysis, this paper holds that the protection of agricultural industry safety in China should be carried out synchronously from four aspects: agricultural development power, agricultural competitiveness, agricultural dependence, and agricultural control, which can improve the agricultural development power of China by raising the productivity of grain, protecting cultivated land and adding large investment to agricultural education. Through the development of agricultural science and technology, raising the level of agricultural organization and cultivating the national leading enterprises to improve our agricultural competitiveness, we should adjust the agricultural structure, strengthen the monitoring of the import of agricultural products, pay more attention to the non price competitiveness of agricultural products to control the dependence of agriculture in our country, and strengthen the concentration of foreign capital by establishing the early warning mechanism of agricultural safety. But at the same time, we must clearly realize that the protection of agricultural industry safety is not a radical turn of foreign capital, but should use foreign capital rationally to achieve a healthy and orderly development of agriculture in China.

【学位授予单位】：上海海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832.6;F322

【参考文献】