我国农业全要素生产率地区差异的影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 01:07

本文选题：农业全要素生产率 + F?re-Primont　；参考：《浙江农林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国农业发展在改革开放之后取得重要成就,随着中国工业化、城市化进程的加快,农业生产的资源与环境约束日益严峻。20世纪90年代之后,我国农业发展出现地区不平衡现象,主要表现为东部、中部和西部地区的农业全要素生产率增长速度依次递减,并且全要素生产率地区差距日益加剧。由此可见,在提高农业全要素生产率的同时适当缩小农业全要素生产率地区差距,对实现农业持续稳定、协调发展具有非常重要的意义。本文首先采用了乘积完备的F?re-Primont TFP指数法对农业全要素生产率进行测度和分解的测度表明:1979-2012年间我国农业全要素生产率年平均值为0.300,其中,技术效率年均0.708,规模效率和混合效率年均分别为0.879和0.713。其次,运用基于回归的夏普里值不平等分解法,对1979-2012年间我国农业全要素生产率地区间差异进行度量。构成分解方面,我国农业全要素生产率地区差异逐渐缩小,技术效率地区差异呈现变大的趋势,对农业全要素生产率地区差异的贡献最大,农业生产的混合效率和规模效率均出现先下降然后平稳回升的趋势;空间分解方面,我国农业全要素生产率差距主要来自于东中西地区间差异的贡献,其次是东部地区内部各省份间的差距,东中西三大地区间的差距呈现扩大的趋势,而东部地区和西部地区内部各省份间的差距均在逐步减小,中部地区内部各省份之间的差距较小且变动不大。第三,基于1997-2009年我国28个省份的面板数据,运用最小二乘法对农业全要素生产率的影响因素进行研究,分析了农业人力资本、产品市场发育程度、要素市场发育程度、财政支农力度、非农就业人数占总就业人数比和受灾率对农业全要素生产率的影响效应。研究表明:农业人力资本与农业全要素生产率存在显著正相关关系;以产品市场发育程度和要素市场发育程度两个指标为代表的关于市场化程度对农业全要素生产率的影响表明,产品市场的发育程度比要素市场的发育程度对农业全要素生产率地区产生的正向效应更为显著;财政支农力度与农业全要素生产率呈现出显著正相关,对农业全要素生产率地区差异的影响也比较大;非农就业比重与农业全要素生产率之间的关系显著为正;受灾率对农业全要素生产率的影响显著为负。最后,在总结和分析了农业全要素生产率及其地区差异影响因素的基础上,提出相关的政策建议。
[Abstract]:China's agricultural development has made important achievements after the reform and opening up. With the industrialization of China and the acceleration of the urbanization process, the resource and environmental constraints of agricultural production have become increasingly severe since the 1990s. There is regional imbalance in agricultural development in China, which mainly shows that the growth rate of agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) in the eastern, central and western regions is decreasing in turn, and the regional disparity of TFP is increasing. It can be seen that it is of great significance to improve agricultural total factor productivity and to narrow the regional gap of agricultural total factor productivity for the realization of sustainable agricultural stability and coordinated development. In this paper, we first use the product complete F?re-Primont TFP index method to measure and decompose the agricultural total factor productivity (TFP). It is shown that the annual average of TFP in China from 1979 to 2012 is 0.300, among which, The average annual technical efficiency is 0.708, the scale efficiency and mixing efficiency are 0.879 and 0.713 respectively. Secondly, the regression based Sharpley inequality decomposition method is used to measure the regional differences of agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) in China from 1979 to 2012. In terms of composition decomposition, the regional differences in agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) in China are gradually shrinking, and the regional differences in technical efficiency are becoming larger, which contribute the most to the regional differences in TFP. The mixed efficiency and scale efficiency of agricultural production both show the trend of decreasing first and then rising steadily. In spatial decomposition, the gap of agricultural total factor productivity in China mainly comes from the contribution of the difference between east, west and west regions. Secondly, the gap among the provinces in the eastern region, the gap between the three major regions in the east and the west shows a trend of expansion, while the gap among the provinces in the eastern region and the western region is gradually decreasing. The gap between the provinces in the central region is small and small. Thirdly, based on the panel data of 28 provinces in China from 1997 to 2009, using the least square method to study the influencing factors of agricultural total factor productivity (TFP), the paper analyzes the agricultural human capital, the degree of product market development and the degree of factor market development. The effect of financial support for agriculture, the ratio of non-agricultural employment to total employment and the disaster rate on agricultural total factor productivity (TFP). The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between agricultural human capital and agricultural total factor productivity. The influence of market-oriented degree on agricultural total factor productivity, represented by the degree of product market development and the degree of factor market development, shows that, The degree of development of the product market is more significant than that of the factor market, and there is a significant positive correlation between the financial support for agriculture and the total factor productivity of agriculture. The relationship between the proportion of non-agricultural employment and agricultural total factor productivity is significantly positive, and the impact of disaster rate on agricultural total factor productivity is significantly negative. Finally, on the basis of summing up and analyzing the factors affecting agricultural total factor productivity and its regional differences, the relevant policy suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F224;F320

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